Profiles of participation in school bullying: Association with student well‐being

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the bullying participation profiles in relation to the demographic variables (sex, grade, and ethnicity), and to further investigate the associations between the profiles and student well‐being indicators. A final sample for analyses consisted of 725 elementary school children (fourth to sixth grades). Four latent profiles were identified through the latent profile analysis: bullying passive bystanding (8.00%), victimized active defending (8.41%), uninvolved passive bystanding (21.24%), and uninvolved active defending (62.35%). Significant group differences were found in key variables representing student well‐being, that is, school connectedness and life satisfaction, across the four latent profiles. Children in the uninvolved active defending were found to have the highest levels of student well‐being. Only sex had a significant association with the profiles of demographic variables, with boys more likely to belong to the bullying passive bystanding profile than girls. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

Latent profiles of counselor burnout: Associations with self‐discrepancy

“…Instead of using a sum score of a burnout scale or assessment, we suggest using profiling by subscales (see Figure 1) or depicting a pentagon five subconstructs of burnout to identify one's burnout pattern (e.g., see Appendix from I. Kim et al, 2023). Counselors or their supervisors can use guiding questions to address the identified burnout profile, such as "How would you describe what is happening to you given the shape of this profile?"…”

“…Professional counselors should recognize that their burnout symptoms may exhibit a specific pattern, instead of being placed on a linear continuum of low to high burnout. Instead of using a sum score of a burnout scale or assessment, we suggest using profiling by subscales (see Figure 1) or depicting a pentagon for five subconstructs of burnout to identify one's burnout pattern (e.g., see Appendix from I. Kim et al., 2023). Counselors or their supervisors can use guiding questions to address the identified burnout profile, such as “How would you describe what is happening to you given the shape of this profile?” “What do you think about how your sense of self‐discrepancy in professional qualities of counselors has affected the shape of this profile?” and “What shape of profile do you want to see for yourself a couple of months from now?…”