Profiling of Compositions of Essential Oils and Volatiles of Salvia limbata Using Traditional and Advanced Techniques and Evaluation for Biological Activities of Their Extracts

Abstract

In the present work, the essential oils and volatiles from flowers, leaves, and stems of Salvia limbata obtained using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, solvent-free microwave extraction, headspace-assisted analysis, and headspace-solid phase microextraction have been characterized for the first time. The results have been also compared with those from traditional separation techniques involving hydrodistillation and steam distillation. Regardless of some common compounds in all of the profiles, some dissimilarities were noted due to the use of different extracting approaches. Taking into account the chemical categories, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were found as the most represented group of natural compounds contributing to the chemical profiles. It was also noted that the methanol extracts obtained from the flowers of Sal. limbata showed a desirable antioxidant activity, comparable to the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. Furthermore, using the disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods, all the tested bacteria demonstrated weak to moderate and moderate to strong sensibilities to the MeOH extracts obtained from different plant parts of Sal. limbata.

New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family

“…For the above mentioned reasons, several studies were conducted in the recent past with the aim to optimize or increase the yields of EOs using novel techniques in addition or as ‘pre‐treatments’ of the traditional way of production. Examples of these novel techniques are microwave‐assisted hydrodistillation, solvent‐free microwave extraction, ultrasounds, ultrasonic‐microwave assisted preceded by enzymolysis . From these studies, it emerges that the combination of advanced and traditional techniques leads to a variable increase in yields and a significant reduction in times with consequent energy savings.…”

Natural Monoterpenes: Much More than Only a Scent

“…The compounds α ‐ and β ‐pinene are two other important monoterpene constituents of essential oils. These two compounds can be found in Mediterranean species, forest trees, and plants belonging to species such as Salvia . Despite wide‐scale studies, there is no detail information about their mechanisms of antioxidative action.…”

Identification of VOCs in essential oils extracted using ultrasound- and microwave-assisted methods from sweet cherry flower

“…Analysis of the composition of VOCs in plant flowers is a prerequisite for the application of their extracts 1 , 2 . The extraction/isolation techniques of VOCs include simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction (SDE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), cold-press (CP), headspace (HS) extraction, and solid phase microextraction (SPME) 3 – 6 . Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is commonly employed to detect VOCs.…”