Profiling Temperature, Pressure, and Aerosol Properties Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar Employing Atomic Blocking Filters

Alvarez, R. J.; Caldwell, L. M.; Wolyn, Paul G.; Krueger, David A.; McKee, Thomas B.; She, C. Y.

doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0546:ptpaap>2.0.co;2

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Single-angle techniques such as monostatic lidar [ 155 ] or simple sun photometry [ 156 ] cannot distinguish the scattering and absorption components of extinction. Advanced high-resolution lidar [ 157 – 161 ] and Raman lidar systems [ 162 – 164 ] can measure aerosol particle extinction and backscatter coefficients; however, the 4π-integrated aerosol scattering coefficient cannot be derived from the aerosol backscatter coefficient without knowledge of the particle-phase function that depends on the size distribution and refractive indices of the ensemble of particles that scatter and absorb the incident light. It has been found, however, that mineral dust aerosol extinction coefficients depend much less on the imaginary part of the refractive index than mineral dust backscatter coefficients; hence, their ratio may provide some indication of mineral dust aerosol light absorption [ 165 ].…”

Section: Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elemental-, equivalent black- and refractory black-carbon are terms that have been defined in order to dissect the more general term, black carbon, into its component parts related to its specific chemical and optical properties and its impact on climate and health. Recent publications have attempted to clarify the meaning of these terms with respect to their environmental impact, particularly on climate. Here, we focus on the measurement aspects, reviewing the most commonly implemented techniques for the direct and indirect derivation of black carbon properties, their strengths, limitations, and uncertainties, and provide a non-exhaustive bibliography where the reader can find more detailed information. This review paper is designed as a guide for those wishing to learn about the current state of black carbon measurement instrumentation, how calibration is carried out, when one instrument may have the advantage over another, and where new techniques are needed to fill important knowledge gaps.

show abstract

Section: Measurement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We measured our first-stage temperature and backscatter ratios using two barium atomic vapor filters in the receiver and a pulsed-dye-amplified single-frequency dye laser tuned to 554 nm. 18 Although this system developed by Alvarez et al 19 had temperature uncertainties as large as 10 K, the potential of a HSRL to measure atmospheric and aerosol parameters was fully demonstrated. There are several factors that led to a large temperature uncertainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar with Iodine-Vapor Filters: Measurement of Atmospheric-State and Aerosol Profiles

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A high-spectral-resolution lidar can measure vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature, pressure, the aerosol backscatter ratio, and the aerosol extinction coefficient simultaneously. We describe a system with these characteristics. The transmitter is a narrow-band (FWHM of the order of 74 MHz), injection-seeded, pulsed, double YAG laser at 532 nm. Iodine-vapor filters in the detection system spectrally separate the molecular and aerosol scattering and greatly reduce the latter (-41 dB). Operating at a selected frequency to take advantage of two neighboring lines in vapor filters, one can obtain a sensitivity of the measured signal-to-air temperature ratio equal to 0.42%/K. Using a relatively modest size transmitter and receiver system (laser power times telescope aperture equals 0.19 Wm(2)), our measured temperature profiles (0.5-15 km) over 11 nights are in agreement with balloon soundings to within 2.0 K over an altitude range of 2-5 km. There is good agreement in the lapse rates, tropopause altitudes, and inversions. In principle, to invert the signal requires a known density at one altitude, but in practice it is convenient to also use a known temperature at that altitude. This is a scalable system for high spatial resolution of vertical temperature profiles in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, even in the presence of aerosols.

show abstract

“…4 The temperature of the barium cell was operated at approximately 500 C. Operation of the iodine filter is at 70 C, which can be temperature controlled more accurately than the barium filter at 500 C. The two filters have similar aerosol rejection at the center of the absorption line, -34 dB. Photon counting statistics are the dominant error in the measurements made with the iodine based system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>High-spectral-resolution lidar for measuring aerosol and atmospheric state parameters using an iodine vapor filter at 532 nm</title>

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Profiling Temperature, Pressure, and Aerosol Properties Using a High Spectral Resolution Lidar Employing Atomic Blocking Filters

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties

Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties

High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar with Iodine-Vapor Filters: Measurement of Atmospheric-State and Aerosol Profiles

<title>High-spectral-resolution lidar for measuring aerosol and atmospheric state parameters using an iodine vapor filter at 532 nm</title>

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About