Profitability of willow cultivation for energy production in Finland

Toivonen, Ritva; Tahvanainen, Liisa

doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(97)10056-3

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…They are fairly similar to the values from literature for most developing regions and North America; however, they are low compared to OECD Europe. Land rental costs in the literature for agricultural or energy crop land are found ranging from 1600 to 9500$ 2000 km À2 y À1 in Africa [46], 2700 to 15,000$ 2000 km À2 y À1 in Latin America [6,28,46], 1500-23,600$ 2000 km À2 y À1 in North America [10,19,26,28,47] and from 3600 to 64,800$ 2000 km À2 y À1 in Europe [26,[47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Land Rental Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of regional and global cost–supply curves of biomass energy from short-rotation crops at abandoned cropland and rest land under four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios

Hoogwijk

Faaij

Vries

et al. 2009

Biomass and Bioenergy

144

110

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We explored the production cost of energy crops at abandoned agricultural land and at rest land at a regional and a global level to the year 2050 using four different land-use scenarios.The estimations were based on grid cell data on the productivity of short-rotation crops on the available land over time and assumptions regarding the capital and the labour input required to reach these productivity levels. It was concluded that large amounts of grown biomass at abandoned agricultural land and rest land, 130-270 EJ yr À1 (about 40-70% of the present energy consumption) may be produced at costs below $2 GJ À1 by 2050 (present lower limit of cost of coal). Interesting regions because of their low production cost and significant potentials are the Former USSR, Oceania, Eastern and Western Africa and East Asia. Such low costs presume significant land productivity improvements over time and cost reductions due to learning and capital-labour substitution. An assessment of biomass fuel cost, using the primary biomass energy costs, showed that the future costs of biomass liquid fuels may be in the same order of the present diesel production costs, although this may change in the long term. Biomass-derived electricity costs are at present slightly higher than electricity baseload costs and may directly compete with estimated future production costs of fossil fuel electricity with CO 2 sequestration. The present world electricity consumption of around 20 PWh yr À1 may be generated in 2050 at costs below $45 MWh À1 in A1 and B1 and below $55 MWh À1 in A2 and B2. At costs of $60 MWh À1 , about 18 (A2) to 53 (A1) PWh yr À1 can be produced.

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Section: Land Rental Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of regional and global cost–supply curves of biomass energy from short-rotation crops at abandoned cropland and rest land under four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios

Hoogwijk

Faaij

Vries

et al. 2009

Biomass and Bioenergy

144

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Improving the profitability of biomass production in willow short rotation coppice (SRC) is important for further implementation of this cropping system [1][2][3], and prospects for cost reduction are good for major cost components such as establishment and harvest [4]. In Sweden, willow SRC propagation units are routinely produced from dormant willow rods [5] which are harvested after growth cessation (i.e., early winter) and require storage in sub-zero temperatures, i.e., approximately − 4°C [6] in order to retain vigor and vitality until planting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cutting Phenology (Non-dormant Versus Dormant) on Early Growth Performance of Three Willow Clones Grown Under Different Weed Treatments and Planting Dates

2017

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To assess the effects of cutting phenology on early growth performance of three willow clones grown under different weed treatments and planting dates, freshly harvested (non-dormant) and cold-stored (dormant) cuttings from willow clone Tora, Jorr, and Olof were planted in bucket experiment outdoors in central Sweden on five planting dates (May-June 2013) with or without a model weed (spring barley). Non-dormant cuttings sprouted faster than dormant cuttings when planted early in the season. For cuttings planted later in the season, bud sprouting was affected only by willow clone. Aboveground biomass production was affected by cutting phenology, planting date, clone, and weed treatment. When planted on May 3 and May 10, biomass produced from non-dormant and dormant cuttings did not differ, while willows grown from dormant cuttings produced 59% more aboveground biomass than willows grown from nondormant cuttings when planted on May 24-June 16. Tora produced on average 12% more biomass than Jorr and Olof, and weed competition reduced aboveground biomass production on average with 36%. The ability of willow to suppress weeds (WSA) was 26 (non-dormant cuttings) and 12% (dormant cuttings) higher for willows planted on May 3 compared with WSA of willows grown from cuttings planted later in the season. The ability to tolerate competition from weeds (WT) was 51 and 52% lower for willows grown from non-dormant and dormant cuttings planted late in the season compared with WT of willows planted earlier in the season. We conclude that planting with long-term cold storage of willow cuttings can be replaced with planting freshly harvested cuttings when planting is performed in early season, and that weed competition strongly reduces biomass production. Weed control during the establishment phase is crucial in order to maximize willow biomass production.

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“…According to Rosenqvist and Nilsson (2006), for average Swedish conditions, the necessary yield to make the investment profitable in the 1990s had to be above 8 odt (oven dry tones) ha -1 yr -1 , when excluding land rental costs, and above 12 odt ha -1 yr -1 when the land rent is included. Similar figures where calculated for Finland (Toivonen and Tahvanainen 1998). These thresholds, however, vary according to the opportunity costs and the prices of wood chips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Regional potential yields of short rotation willow plantations on agricultural land in Northern Europe

Mola‐Yudego¹

2010

Silva Fenn.

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Mola-Yudego, B. 2010. Regional potential yields of short rotation willow plantations on agricultural land in Northern Europe. Silva Fennica 44(1): 63-76. The development of short rotation forestry for bioenergy requires accurate and reliable yield estimates. This paper analyses the current, expected and potential regional productivity of short rotation willow plantations for six countries in Northern Europe. The estimations for present productivity are based on empirical models, using data regarding management, and local productivity based on the regional cereal yields. The estimates of expected yield rely on the current trends of yield increase from commercial willow plantations in the region. The estimates for potential yield are based on climatic restrictions. The results show potential average yields of 9.

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Profitability of willow cultivation for energy production in Finland

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Exploration of regional and global cost–supply curves of biomass energy from short-rotation crops at abandoned cropland and rest land under four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios

Exploration of regional and global cost–supply curves of biomass energy from short-rotation crops at abandoned cropland and rest land under four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios

Effects of Cutting Phenology (Non-dormant Versus Dormant) on Early Growth Performance of Three Willow Clones Grown Under Different Weed Treatments and Planting Dates

Regional potential yields of short rotation willow plantations on agricultural land in Northern Europe

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