Progesterone Receptor and Neurotensin Are Colocalized in Neurons of the Guinea Pig Ventrolateral Hypothalamus

Warembourg, Maryvonne; Jolivet, André

doi:10.1159/000126785

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present study shows that SOM is another neuro peptide in the VL whose synthesis may be regulated by progesterone since further immunocytochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of neurotensin [19], sub stance P [21,22] and opiates [23] in the PR-IR neurons of the guinea pig VL. At present we do not know whether these neuropeptides coexist within the same neurons con taining PR or represent separate populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…We found that only a very small fraction of the population of SOM-IR neurons in the Ar possess PR and that neither male nor female preoptic and hypothalamic periventricular SOM Progesterone Receptor in Hypothalamic Somatostatin Neurons neurons contain PR. As such, SOM can now be added to the list of neuropeptides found in PR-IR neurons in the VL of the guinea pig such as neurotensin [ 19] substance P [21,22] and enkephalin [23],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antiserum to SOM was used at 1:750 dilution. Double immunofluorescence was performed as de scribed previously [19], Briefly, sections were treated with PBS con taining 10% normal sheep scrum and 10% normal donkey serum to diminish nonspecific staining. Sections were incubated in a primary antiserum cocktail for 70 h at 4°C in a humid atmosphere.…”

Section: Tissue Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colocalization of Progesterone Receptor and Somatostatin Immunoreactivities in the Hypothalamus of the Male and Female Guinea Pig

Dufourny

Warembourg²

1996

Neuroendocrinology

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A double-label immunofiuorescence technique was used to determine whether progesterone receptor (PR)-containing neurons in the preoptic area and hypothalamus also contain somatostatin (SOM) in both the male and female guinea pig. Animals were gonadectomized, primed by estradiol to induce PR and injected intracerebroventricularly with colchicine to visualize SOM-immunoreactive (SOM-IR) neurons. The only sites of significant overlap between the two immunoreactivities were the medial preoptic nucleus, the periventricular preoptic and hypothalamic regions, the arcuate nucleus (Ar) and the ventrolateral nucleus (VL). No sex differences were detected at this level. In the preoptic area and the periventricular regions, no SOM-IR neurons were shown to have PR. In the Ar, only very few SOM-IR perikarya were found to be also PR-IR. SOM varicosities appeared in close proximity to neurons with PR-containing nuclei. Within the VL, in the female as well as in the male, many SOM-IR cells were also IR for PR. This colocalization persisted throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the nucleus but our quantification revealed a significant sex difference in the percentage of PR-IR neurons with SOM in the caudal VL. These results provide neuroanatomical evidence that progesterone may exert its effect directly upon more than one third of SOM-synthesizing cells in the medial and caudal regions of VL, a site which plays a key role in the control of sexual behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tissue Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colocalization of Progesterone Receptor and Somatostatin Immunoreactivities in the Hypothalamus of the Male and Female Guinea Pig

Dufourny

Warembourg²

1996

Neuroendocrinology

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“…First, neurons that putatively mediate negative feedback of progesterone on the GnRH system might be located in areas of the brain that were not investigated in this study. For instance, populations of progesterone-receptive cells have been identified in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area, mediobasal hypothalamus (arcuate and ventromedial nuclei) and brainstem of several species [58, 59, 60, 61, 62], including sheep [63], although their role in the regulation of GnRH secretion has not been determined. Second, a progesterone-responsive neuronal system might be activated and show increased Fos immunoreactivity some time in advance of the GnRH surge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progesterone Treatment That either Blocks or Augments the Estradiol-Induced Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Surge Is Associated with Different Patterns of Hypothalamic Neural Activation

Richter

Robinson²,

Evans³

2001

Neuroendocrinology

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Progesterone can either augment or inhibit the surge of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) that drives the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. This study investigated the central mechanisms through which progesterone might achieve these divergent effects by examining the effects of exogenous steroids on the activation of GnRH neurons and non-GnRH-immunopositive cells in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus of steroid-treated ovariectomized ewes. Fos expression (an index of cellular activation) was examined during the estradiol-induced GnRH surge in ewes treated with progesterone using regimes that have been reported to either augment (progesterone pretreatment) or inhibit (progesterone treatment at the time of the surge-inducing estradiol increment) the GnRH surge. Control groups received either no progesterone pretreatment or no surge-inducing estradiol increment. Induction of an LH surge was associated with a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the proportion of activated GnRH neurons, irrespective of whether ewes received progesterone pretreatment. However, the number of non-GnRH-immunopositive cells activated during the surge was significantly (p < 0.0001) increased in ewes that received the progesterone pretreatment. By contrast, the proportion of GnRH neurons and non-GnRH-immunopositive cells that expressed Fos was significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced in ewes in which the surge was inhibited by progesterone compared to ewes in which a surge was stimulated. These data indicate that (1) progesterone pretreatment increases the activation of non-GnRH cells during the estradiol-induced surge, but does not affect the proportion of GnRH neurons activated and (2) when administered concurrently with a surge-inducing estradiol increment, progesterone prevents the activation of GnRH neurons and non-GnRH cells that is normally associated with the estradiol-induced surge. Therefore, progesterone does not appear to augment the GnRH surge by increasing the proportion of GnRH neurons that are activated by estradiol, whereas inhibition of the GnRH surge involves prevention of the activation of GnRH neurons. Thus, the augmentation and inhibition of the GnRH surge by progesterone appear to be regulated via different effects on the GnRH neurosecretory system.

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“…Receptive behavior may also be regulated by several neurotransmitter or neuromodulator systems. Because substance P (Nielsen and Blaustein, 1990; Dufourny et al, 1998), neurotensin (Warembourg and Jolivet, 1994), and somatostatin (Dufourny and Warembourg, 1996) have been shown to colocalize to different degrees with the PR in the guinea pig ventrolateral nucleus, it is conceivable that at least some of the NOS-containing neurons also contain these substances. The possible presence of NOS within these systems suggests that NO has the potential to modulate the activity of one or both of these neuronal networks and adds to our understanding of the neurochemistry of lordosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide synthase in the Guinea pig preoptic area and hypothalamus: Distribution, effect of estrogen, and colocalization with progesterone receptor

Warembourg¹,

Leroy²,

Jolivet³

1999

J. Comp. Neurol.

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Progesterone Receptor and Neurotensin Are Colocalized in Neurons of the Guinea Pig Ventrolateral Hypothalamus

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Colocalization of Progesterone Receptor and Somatostatin Immunoreactivities in the Hypothalamus of the Male and Female Guinea Pig

Colocalization of Progesterone Receptor and Somatostatin Immunoreactivities in the Hypothalamus of the Male and Female Guinea Pig

Progesterone Treatment That either Blocks or Augments the Estradiol-Induced Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Surge Is Associated with Different Patterns of Hypothalamic Neural Activation

Nitric oxide synthase in the Guinea pig preoptic area and hypothalamus: Distribution, effect of estrogen, and colocalization with progesterone receptor

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