Prognosis in Early Carcinoma of the Bladder Based on Chromosomal Analysis

Abstract

In 53 cases of non-invasive or submucosal invasive well differentiated carcinoma of the bladder observed for 4 to 101 months cytogenetic analysis by the direct technique (non-culture) has been performed repeatedly. Markers, abnormal chromosomes, have been found in 33 patients and recurrence has developed in 32 of these 33 patients, resulting in 9 deaths. All but 1 of the 20 patients without markers have been observed for up to 8 years and have remained free of recurrence. In this 1 recurrence, 8 months post-diagnosis, the mode changed from 69 to 92, evidence of dedifferentiation and development of a new tumor in a bladder prone to neoplasia. Based on our over-all cytogenetic experience with 165 patients with carcinoma of the bladder a simplified classification is presented. This classification, built on measurable characteristics of early carcinoma, including the presence or absence of marker chromosomes, allows accurate prognostication and, thus, provides the foundation for development of standard therapy.

Alteration of the LRP1B Gene Region Is Associated with High Grade of Urothelial Cancer

“…From the clinical point of view, the question arises whether these two major groups of tumors are distinct entities or correspond to different stages of progression of a single tumor entity. Pioneering cytogenetic analyses before the chromosome banding era have suggested that the number of gross karyotype alterations predicts the clinical course of UCs, for example, recurrency and progression (Falor and Ward, 1978;Lamb, 1967). Later, several studies showed that allelic changes at specific chromosomal regions and alterations of tumor suppressor genes, such as PTEN, RB, and TP53, correlate with stage and grade of bladder cancers (for review see Knowles, 1999).…”

The Value of Histologic Grading and Staging, Random Biopsies, Tumor and Bladder Mucosa Blood Group Antigens, in Predicting Progression of Superficial Bladder Cancer

“…Prognostic factors in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma can be classified into those which are obtained from the tumor and the bladder such as lamina propria invasion [1][2][3], tumor grade [4], tumor extension and recurrence rate [5], morphology of random mucosal biop sies [6][7][8], cell-surface A, B or O (H) blood-group antigens in the tumor [9][10][11][12] or tissue of random mucosal bladder biopsies [13,14], urinary cytology [15,16], abnormal chromosomes (markers) [17,18], DNA profile of the tumor [19,20], and urinary carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA) [21][22][23], and those which represent host-defense factors, such as serum rheumatoid factors and urinary immunoglobulins [25].…”

Impulscytophotometrische DNS-Untersuchungen bei Blasenkarzinomen

“…Zellpopulatio nen mit von 46 abweichender Chromosomenzahl werden als aneuploid bezeichnet. Abweichende Chromosomenwerte sind in hoher Frequenz bei soliden, malignen menschlichen Tumo ren beobachtet worden [3] [16,17] gekommen ebenso wie Sandberg [19] und an dere Untersucher [12,15,20] …”