Prognosis of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment on cardiac shock after acute myocardial infarction: A bioinformatic analysis

Abstract

Background Cardiac shock after acute myocardial infarction becomes more common with age and the improvement of living standards. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective treatment for such patients. However, genes and molecular processes that can predict the prognosis of shock after acute myocardial infarction with ECMO treatment are not known. Methods: The microarray dataset (GSE93101) was retrieved from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) online database. Differential expression, weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA), gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. In order to find the first five hub genes, we used the mutual construction of the PPI network and the Cytoscape software. And then, the gene-miRNA network was performed to determine the regulated miRNAs of the hub genes. Results: 10 genes were obtained when those in the two highest correlation modules of WGCNA were intersected with the differential genes. 104 differential genes were found to be associated with oxidoreductase activity and metabolic pathways. We found the first five hub genes using the Cytoscape software: CD68, C8A, NR1H4, and ADGRE1 genes were downregulated while TMPRSS6 was upregulated. TMPRSS6 had the highest degree of affinity and was regulated by 29 miRNAs, while CD68, NR1H4, CD163, and C8A were regulated by 18, 14, 14, and 2 miRNAs, respectively. Conclusion: Through comprehensive analysis, CD68, which was regulated by 18 miRNAs, was found to be associated with the prognosis of ECMO after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the mechanism may be associated with macrophage differentiation.