Prognosis of psychomotor and mental development in premature infants by early cranial ultrasound

Abstract

BackgroundIt is of high incidence of brain injuries in premature infants, so it is necessary to diagnose and treat the brain injury early for neonatal clinical practice. We are aimed to investigate the relationship between early postnatal cranial ultrasonography and psychomotor and mental development in prematrue infants at the age of 12 months.MethodsTwo-hundred and eight premature infants were selected and underwent follow-up from January, 2007 to November, 2012. Cranial ultrasonography was performed on them. The developmental outcomes of these premature infants at the age of 12 months were assessed by the psychomotor developmental index (PDI) scale and mental development index (MDI). The relationship between ultrasonic gray-scale value and PDI and MDI was analyzed.ResultsThe worse prognosis for psychomotor and mental development was associated with the gestational age, Apgar score(1 min), gender, chorioamnionitis, duration of mechanical ventilation and duration of mechanic ventilation. The differences between the prognosis of psychomotor and mental development, and peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) and periventricular white matter damage (PWMD), were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were also significant differences between the early postnatal ultrasonic gray-scale value and prognoses of both psychomotor development and mental development (P < 0.05). There were negative correlations between ultrasonic gray-scale and both PDI and MDI (r = −0.753, P < 0.05; r = −0.764, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe early postnatal cranial ultrasonography can assist to predict the prognosis of psychomotor and mental development for premature infants. The higher grade of PIVH and PWMD was associated with the worse prognosis of psychomotor and mental development.

Habilidades do desenvolvimento de crianças prematuras de baixo peso e muito baixo peso

“…Infants in the experimental groups presented statistically significant difference in behavior compared with those in the control groups, which may indicate that development in these children is occurring more slowly. This fact has already been described in the literature (3,(5)(6)(7)21) . Weight and gestational age (GA) have been reported as relevant variables for motor delay and/or sequelae (2,5,18) .…”

“…Socioeconomic status, cultural level, and environmental conditions have effects on the domains of development, mainly regarding cognitive and language performance (4,5,13,21,24,28) , and may constitute risk factors for developmental delays. The pairing of groups included children of similar socioeconomic status.…”

“…Child development is based on domains of functions related to motor, cognitive and linguistic aspects, influenced by biological, psychosocial and environmental factors (15) . Children born premature may present delays in the motor (2,3,6,10,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) , adaptive (22) , cognitive (2,5,6,8,10,18,19) and language (2,4,6,9,14,(18)(19)(20) domains, even if the deficits in these areas are subtle (2) . These domains are interdependent, that is, each one influences and is influenced by the others.…”

Uma Hipótese De Funcionamento Psicomotor Como Estratégia Clínica Para O Tratamento De Bebês Em Intervenção Precoce

“…Entre os sinais identificados no atraso do desenvolvimento, encontram-se os sintomas psicomotores, também associados à prematuridade (EICKMANN;MALKES;LIMA, 2012;DUAN et al, 2015) e ao risco psíquico (MURATORI, 2014).…”

Desempenho de habilidades comunicativas em recém-nascidos pré-termo submetidos à ultrassonografia transfontanelar

“…A Ultrassonografia Transfontanelar (USTF), além de sua capacidade de diagnosticar tais patologias, pode associar a lesão cerebral ao acometimento neurológico posterior, sendo de extrema valia para estimar o prognóstico desses bebês. Entretanto, não consegue definir lesão difusa do sistema nervoso central (SNC), necessitando de exames por imagem complementares para definir adequadamente o grau de comprometimento após o remodelamento neuronal (CUNHA et al, 2010;AL-TAWIL et al, 2012;BREZAN et al, 2012;DUAN et al, 2015 • Comparar o desempenho de habilidades comunicativas com os fatores de riscos;…”