Prognosis of the pancreatic cancer in terms of the regional lymph node reaction.

Matsuno, Seiki; Kobari, Masao; Hisano, Hirotake; Yamauchi, Hidemi; Sato, Toshio

doi:10.1620/tjem.145.291

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… 20 , 23 , 24 Matsuno et al reported that tumor antigens can cause immune activation through germinal center hyperplasia, PH, and SH in pancreatic cancer. 30 Based on these results, it can be hypothesized that an increase in lymphocytes in the paracortex could be considered as surrogate for an active immune response of the host against the cancer. 31…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nonmetastatic Lymph Nodes in the Survival of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Pennings,

van der Velden,

Kloft

et al. 2023

Annals of Surgery Open

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Objective: In this review, we aim to provide an overview of literature on lymph node (LN) histomorphological features and their relationship with the prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Background: Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the treatment and prognosis of CRC. The presence of LN metastases considerably worsens the prognosis in CRC patients. Literature has shown that the total number of LNs and the number negative LNs (LNnegs) has prognostic value in CRC patients. In esophageal carcinoma, LN size seems to be surrogate of the host antitumor response and a potentially clinically useful new prognostic biomarker for (y)pN0 esophageal carcinoma. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane library in March 2021. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Only studies focusing on histomorphological features and LN size and their relation to overall survival were selected. Results: A total of 9 unique articles met all inclusion criteria and were therefore included in this systematic review. Six of these studies investigated HMF (eg, paracortical hyperplasia, germinal center predominance, and sinus histiocytosis) and 4 studies LNneg size and their relationship with overall survival. The presence of paracortical hyperplasia and an increased number of large LNnegs is related to a more favorable prognosis in CRC. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review seem to support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the host antitumor response reflected in different histomorphological reaction patterns visible in LNnegs and LNneg size related to survival in CRC patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nonmetastatic Lymph Nodes in the Survival of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Pennings,

van der Velden,

Kloft

et al. 2023

Annals of Surgery Open

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“…Size changes in regional LNneg in pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer patients have been related to an increased host antitumor immune response resulting in follicular hyperplasia with the formation of GCs, proliferation of lymphocytes in the medullary or paracortical area and/or sinus histiocytosis due to incoming tumor derived antigens. 39,40 It has been shown that secondary follicles not only become hyperplastic but may also develop GCs and enlarge their underlying dendritic network possibly explaining the overall changes in LN size during immune response activation. [41][42][43] Our pilot study of the LN microarchitecture found that large LNnegs in (y)pN0 patients have significantly less lymphocytes located outside of GCs and a higher ratio of GCs to lymphocytes confirming studies showing immune response leading to LN size changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of Negative Lymph Node Long Axis in Esophageal Cancer

et al. 2023

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Objective: To analyze the relationship between negative lymph node (LNneg) size as a possible surrogate marker of the host antitumor immune response and overall survival (OS) in esophageal cancer (EC) patients. Background: Lymph node (LN) status is a well-established prognostic factor in EC patients. An increased number of LNnegs is related to better survival in EC. Follicular hyperplasia in LNneg is associated with better survival in cancer-bearing mice and might explain increased LN size. Methods: The long axis of 304 LNnegs was measured in hematoxylin-eosin stained sections from resection specimens of 367 OE02 trial patients (188 treated with surgery alone (S), 179 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery (C+S)) as a surrogate of LN size. The relationship between LNneg size, LNneg microarchitecture, clinicopathological variables, and OS was analyzed. Results: Large LNneg size was related to lower pN category (P = 0.01) and lower frequency of lymphatic invasion (P = 0.02) in S patients only. Irrespective of treatment, (y)pN0 patients with large LNneg had the best OS. (y)pN1 patients had the poorest OS irrespective of LNneg size (P < 0.001). Large LNneg contained less lymphocytes (P = 0.02) and had a higher germinal centers/lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate LNneg size in EC patients randomized to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery or surgery alone. Our pilot study suggests that LNneg size is a surrogate marker of the host antitumor immune response and a potentially clinically useful new prognostic biomarker for (y)pN0 EC patients. Future studies need to confirm our results and explore underlying biological mechanisms.

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