Prognostic biomarkers in ovarian cancer

Abstract

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy despite several decades of progress in diagnosis and treatment. Taking advantage of the robust development of discovery and utility of prognostic biomarkers, clinicians and researchers are developing personalized and targeted treatment strategies. This review encompasses recently discovered biomarkers of ovarian cancer, the utility of published prognostic biomarkers for EOC (especially biomarkers related to angiogenesis and key signaling pathways), and their integration into clinical practice.

Expression of miR-146a in patients with ovarian cancer and its clinical significance

“…Therefore, identification of markers for potentially chemoinsensitive tumors may aid in modifying and individualizing treatments prior to the recognition of chemorefractoriness or chemoresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR), small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation, may be candidates for potential markers (4).…”

CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF OVARIAN TUMOURS IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE AND THE ROLE OF ER, PR AND HER-2/neu IN SURFACE EPITHELIAL TUMOURS OF OVARY

“…Immunohistochemistry is now emerging as an important tool in diagnosis of ovarian tumours. [9] It has been shown that oestrogen and progesterone receptor level depends on histological grade, stage and variables among the tumours of same grade. [16] Her-2/neu is amplified and overexpressed in 25 to 30% of human ovarian cancers.…”

“…[9] Epidemiological evidence suggests that steroid hormones (Oestrogen and progesterone) and amplification of human epidermal growth factor-2 (Her-2/neu) gene are implicated in ovarian carcinogenesis. [1,2] Limited number of clinical trials have demonstrated efficacies of anti-oestrogen and progesterone alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment course.…”

Current View of microRNA Processing

“…But it has opposite effects in colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. [103][104][105][106] TRBP knockdown can destabilize Dicer and impair the miRNA processing in cancer cells. 107 However, the mechanisms of miRNA biogenesis are complex and still remain to be further characterized.…”