Prognostic factors in a T3 bladder cancer trial

Abstract

model (Cox, 1972) was assumed. Here, the term 'hazard' refers mainly to the mortality rate. The only exception is when adjustment was made for natural mortality in evaluating the prognostic value of age and sex when a proportional 'excess mortality' model was used, i.e. mortality in excess of that expected in a group of the same age and sex composition in the general population. The latter was estimated using the 1984 rates for England and Wales (OPCS, 1985). The long duration of the trial and the relatively old age of the patients in this series (median age 69 years) prompted us to take natural mortality into consideration. This adjustment was not made when the prognostic effects of factors other than age and sex were evaluated, as all the analyses involving non-demographic factors were adjusted for age and sex. ResultsThe overall median survival time was 22 months. Estimates of the 3-year and 5-year survival probabilities were 38% (95% CI 33 and 43%) and 27% (95% CI 22 and 33%) respectively. The effect on mortality of age and sex (each adjusted for the other) is shown in Table I

Outcome of Treating Urinary Bladder Cancer in Sohag University Hospital

“…In our research there was no important variations in OS or DFS between SCC and TCC where five years, and 5 years, DFS for TCC was 8% versus 7% for SCC with (P-value 0.795) and OS for TCC was 13.2% versus 12% for SCC with (P-value 0.783). The poor performance of large primary tumors has been reported by Babiker A et al (11) who found that the presentation size of the primary tumor was the single most significant prognostic factor. The mortality rates for small, moderate and large tumors were mean, in the ratios 1:1.5:2 respectively (11) .…”

“…The absence of survival statistics in our research may be ascribed to the fact that our patients appeared at later stages and that many of them were lost to follow-up. Amiri et al (10) demonstrated that patients with bladder cancer survival rate versus age at diagnosis showed that the five-year survival in participants ≥ 65 year is lower than the others (11) . While Babiker A et al (11) demonstrated no important relation between OS and the patients age at the diagnosis time.…”

“…Amiri et al (10) demonstrated that patients with bladder cancer survival rate versus age at diagnosis showed that the five-year survival in participants ≥ 65 year is lower than the others (11) . While Babiker A et al (11) demonstrated no important relation between OS and the patients age at the diagnosis time.…”

Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer: One Step Forward, two Steps Back

“…Muscle-invasive bladder cancer is an aggressive tumor that was associated with a median survival of 22 months in the 1980s (Babiker, Shearer, & Chilvers, 1989). Patients with muscle-invasive disease have a 50 to 65% overall survival rate in the modern era (C. N. Sternberg et al, 2007).…”

Ultrasonographic Findings Related to Prognosis in Canine Transitional Cell Carcinoma

“…Provisional TNM staging with the imaging technique, along with detection of distant metastatic lesions in the liver (M stage), is clinically valuable because advanced TNM stage in human bladder tumor patients is closely associated with short‐survival times . Recently, in addition to these imaging findings used for TNM staging, ultrasonographic characteristics such as tumor size, shape, and echogenicity have also been described as factors for predicting prognosis …”