Prognostic factors in oral squamous carcinoma and their relation to clinical staging

Hibbert, J.; Marks, N. J.; Winter, P.; Shaheen, O. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1983.tb01427.x

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The presence of lymph node metastases is clinically the most important prognostic factor in oral cavity carcinoma (Hibbert et al, 1983). This is corroborated by the present findings.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The site and size of the primary tumour and the presence of metastases have been used as prognostic indicators (Lee et al, 1972;Krause et al, 1973;Fletcher, 1979). The presence of cervical lymph node metastases seems to be the most important predictor associated with approximately 50 per cent reduction of the 2-year determinate survival rate (Hibbert et al, 1983; Teichgraeber et al, 1973;Willen et al, 1975; Lund et al, 1975) have cavity carcinoma provides useful prognostic information but has certain limitations. The single method treatment of stage I cancer carries a much poorer prognosis than was previously thought, and the incidence of microscopic cervical metastases is high (Lee et al, 1972;Krause et al, 1973;Teichgraeber et al, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

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DNA content, malignancy grading and prognosis in T1 and T2 oral cavity carcinomas

Tytor

Franzen²,

Olofsson³

et al. 1987

Br J Cancer

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Summary Microscopic malignancy grading using the 8-factor system proposed by Jakobsson et al. (1973), the 4-factor system set up by Glanz and Eichhorn (1985), and DNA cytofluorometry were applied to thirteen Ti and thirty-seven T2 squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, 9 with and 41 without metastases. There was a significant correlation between the presence of lymph node metastases (Ni) and the malignancy scores (P<0.05) and tumour DNA ploidy (P<0.01, chi-square). The total number of patients with initial and late lymph node metastases correlated significantly with polyploid nuclei (P<0.05) and with malignancy scores (P<0.001), which also correlated with regional recurrences (P<0.01, chi-square). No remaining tumour after preoperative radiotherapy indicated less risk for local recurrence than if tumour persisted (P<0.01, chisquare).The cumulative survival (Kaplan-Meier) was worse for patients with nodal involvement (Nl) than for those without (NO) (P<0.01), and for patients with poorly differentiated tumours compared with moderately well differentiated (P<0.05) and to well differentiated (P<0.001). The prognosis was worse for patients with high malignancy scores than for those with low (P<0.001). DNA diploid tumours had a better prognosis than DNA non-diploid, but the difference was not significant.Despite the various modes of treatment available, patients with oral cavity carcinoma pose serious therapeutic problems which are reflected in the poor survival rates (Frazell et al., 1962). Factors influencing the prognosis are therefore sought after. The site and size of the primary tumour and the presence of metastases have been used as prognostic indicators (Lee et al., 1972;Krause et al., 1973;Fletcher, 1979). The presence of cervical lymph node metastases seems to be the most important predictor associated with approximately 50 per cent reduction of the 2-year determinate survival rate (Hibbert et al., 1983; Teichgraeber et al., 1973;Willen et al., 1975; Lund et al., 1975) have cavity carcinoma provides useful prognostic information but has certain limitations. The single method treatment of stage I cancer carries a much poorer prognosis than was previously thought, and the incidence of microscopic cervical metastases is high (Lee et al., 1972;Krause et al., 1973;Teichgraeber et al., 1984).The malignancy grading system based on 4 different morphological characteristics for the tumour cell population, and 4 characteristics for the tumour-host relationship, initially used in the analysis of laryngeal cancer (Jakobsson et al., 1973), has also been applied in oral cavity carcinomas.Studies on palatal, gingival, and lingual carcinomas Willen et al., 1975; Lund et al., 1975) have disclosed statistically significant differences in survival for patients with high and low malignancy scores. The somewhat modified malignancy grading used in lingual carcinomas by Holm et al. (1982) showed a correlation between the malignancy score on the one hand and T classification or the presence of lymph node metastases at th...

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“…The presence of lymph node metastases is clinically the most important prognostic factor in oral cavity carcinoma (Hibbert et al, 1983). This is corroborated by the present findings.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA content, malignancy grading and prognosis in T1 and T2 oral cavity carcinomas

Tytor

Franzen²,

Olofsson³

et al. 1987

Br J Cancer

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“…The prognostic value of TNM staging of oral malignancy has been called into question by numerous authors [4][5][6][7]. In our study, the cT predicted pT in only 46.2% of cases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…Criticism of the current TNM (tumour, node, metastasis) staging criteria has resulted from several studies showing that the size-based T criteria fail to demonstrate a significant relationship with patient survival [4,5]. Lenz et al [6] found that clinical T stage (cT) of oral cancer predicted the pathology T stage (pT) only 47% of the time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating lingual carcinoma for surgical management: what does volumetric measurement with MRI offer?

Boland

Watt-Smith²,

Pataridis³

et al. 2010

BJR

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ABSTRACT. MRI plays a crucial but under utilized role in the surgical management of lingual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Measurement of three-dimensional tumour volume (TV) has the potential to guide management of clinically negative cervical lymph nodes and address deficiencies in current TNM staging criteria. This work studied the value of MRI-measured TV as a predictor of 2 year disease-related survival (DRS) and disease-free survival (DFS), as well as occult cervical lymph node metastasis (OM) in lingual cancer. TV was determined by manually segmenting the tumour contour in each image slice and using the resulting pixel value to calculate the three-dimensional extent of disease. TV was also compared with the more established measure of tumour thickness (TT). Significant differences in DRS (x 2 (1) 5 7.7, Hazard ratio (HR) 5 7.3, p 5 0.005) and DFS (x 2 (1) 5 5.6, HR 5 4.3, p 5 0.02) at two years were found using a cut-off of 8 cm 3 . Similarly, a significant relationship between TV and occult cervical lymph node metastasis was discovered using a 3 cm 3 cut-off (OR 5 6.7, p 5 0.02, Fisher's Exact Test).

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“…3,[31][32][33] . Multivaried analysis shows that D cyclin and neck metastasis are independent factors as to their relation with survival, agreeing with the results from Han et al 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressão de ciclina D1 e presença de metástase cervical de carcinoma epidermóide de boca

Maahs

Jeckel-Neto

Michaelsen

2007

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Cervi cal metastasis represent the most relevant prognostic factor in carcinomas of the mouth. Clinical and histological factors are associated with the development of cervical metastasis; however, research on molecular factors has been broadly carried out in recent years. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the association of the Cyclin D1 as a risk factor for the presence of cervical metastasis. Materials and methods: Cyclin D1 expression was measured and the association between such substance and metastasis was found in 45 patients with mouth cancer treated by the author of this paper. Cyclin D1 presence was checked through the stereological method. Clinical and histological characteristics have been analyzed and associated with metastasis. Results: Cyclin D1 expression was found in 15 patients but it was not associated with clinical and histological factors related to the presence of metastasis. Such conclusion indicates that Cyclin D1 is an independent protein. The most important predictive aspects related to metastasis development have been clinical staging and vascular embolization. Conslusions: Cyclin D1, although independent, is not associated with cervical metastasis, while staging and vascular embolization are.

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Prognostic factors in oral squamous carcinoma and their relation to clinical staging

Cited by 55 publications

References 15 publications

DNA content, malignancy grading and prognosis in T1 and T2 oral cavity carcinomas

DNA content, malignancy grading and prognosis in T1 and T2 oral cavity carcinomas

Evaluating lingual carcinoma for surgical management: what does volumetric measurement with MRI offer?

Expressão de ciclina D1 e presença de metástase cervical de carcinoma epidermóide de boca

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