“…Five-year survivals in resected stage IA and IB disease were 67-89% and 57-75%, respectively [3,4]. One of the reasons for this variation is that stage I NSCLC includes populations with a different grade of malignancy [4]. This observation underlines how important it is to identify novel pathological parameters in addition to disease stage and, most of all, new biological markers, in order to add further prognostic information, select high-risk patients for aggressive adjuvant treatments [5].…”