Prognostic importance of neuroendocrine differentiation in Japanese breast cancer patients

Sawaki, Masataka; Yokoi, Kakeru; Nagasaka, Tetsuro; Watanabe, Reiko; Kagawa, Chikara; Takada, Hiroyuki; Sato, Shigenori; Yamada, Tomohiro; Kikumori, Toyone; Imai, Tsuneo; Nakao, Akimasa

doi:10.1007/s00595-009-4179-2

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although Sapino [7] suggested that ER was highly correlated with long overall survival, our data reveal no specific information on whether ER expression is correlated with prognosis of NEC. Yao [32] and Bofin [9] revealed neuroendorine differentiation in breast carcinoma to be associated with a higher grade of differentiation and a lower malignancy grade, whereas some other studies [33,8,34] suggested that NE markers had no prognostic significance. In this paper, we demonstrate that NE differentiation is not statistically significant in predicting prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Zhang¹,

Z²,

Bao³

et al. 2012

neo

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Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the breast, a distinct type of mammary carcinoma whose terminology was not proposed until 2003, has not been well recognized or studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinicopathological features and outcomes of this type of tumor. We conducted a comparative study on 107 NEC patients and 475 invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified(IDC, NOS) patients from the Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, to determine the demographic, pathological, and clinical features at presentation, along with patient outcomes and prognostic factors. With an older age at presentation, NECs are more likely to be estrogen receptor(ER)/ progesterone receptor (PR) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) negative, and have a higher propensity for local recurrence and poorer overall survival(OS). Higher T classification, M classification, TNM stage, the expression of Ki67, and the absence of PR expression are prognostically of poorer OS and distant recurrence-free survival(DRFS). Distant metastasis is also a dependent prognostic factor. NEC of the breast is a distinct type of neoplasm with higher malignancy. Novel therapies such as the endocrine therapy should be explored and studies with larger case number and longer follow-up will be needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Zhang¹,

Z²,

Bao³

et al. 2012

neo

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“…As a prognostic indicator, an immunostaining profile suggestive of neuroendocrine differentiation in breast cancer has been shown to have limited utility to enhance patient diagnosis or predict outcome [29-32]. However, there is evidence to suggest that ENO2 is altered in breast cancer even though its expression may not have independent prognostic value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic, cadmium and neuron specific enolase (ENO2, γ-enolase) expression in breast cancer

et al. 2011

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BackgroundNeuron specific enolase (ENO2, γ-enolase) has been used as a biomarker to help identify neuroendocrine differentiation in breast cancer. The goal of the present study was to determine if ENO2 expression in the breast epithelial cell is influenced by the environmental pollutants, arsenite and cadmium. Acute and chronic exposure of MCF-10A cells to As+3 and Cd+2 sufficient to allow colony formation in soft agar, was used to determine if ENO2 expression was altered by these pollutants.ResultsIt was shown that both As+3 and Cd+2 exposure caused significant increases in ENO2 expression under conditions of both acute and chronic exposure. In contrast, ENO1, the major glycolytic enolase in non-muscle and neuronal cells, was largely unaffected by exposure to either As+3 or Cd+2. Localization studies showed that ENO2 in the MCF-10A cells transformed by As+3 or Cd+2 had both a cytoplasmic and nuclear localization. In contrast, ENO1 was localized to the cytoplasm. ENO2 localized to the cytoplasm was found to co-localized with ENO1.ConclusionThe results are the first to show that ENO2 expression in breast epithelial cells is induced by acute and chronic exposure to As+3 or Cd+2. The findings also suggest a possible link between As+3 and Cd+2 exposure and neuroendocrine differentiation in tumors. Overall, the results suggest that ENO2 might be developed as a biomarker indicating acute and/or chronic environmental exposure of the breast epithelial cell to As+3 and Cd+2.

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“…Evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation in breast tumours has been investigated and deliberated for decades, with little consensus being reached on the significance of its presence. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Part of this uncertainty is probably related to differing definitions of what constitutes neuroendocrine differentiation, leading to inconsistencies in classification of this group of Figure 5. Solid papillary carcinoma (invasive).…”

Section: Carcinomas With Neuroendocrine Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44 With the advent of immunohistochemistry, reactivity of tumour cells for neuroendocrine markers such as synaptophysin and chromogranin has served as light microscopic evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. 26,29,[32][33][34][35]45 A recent study demonstrated that a subset of breast cancers that lacked immunohistochemical expression of neuroendocrine markers showed upregulation of neuroendocrine-related genes, but the significance of this observation is not clear. 46 Among all invasive breast cancers, neuroendocrine differentiation has been reported in 4-30% of cases, 1,15,26,35,46 on the basis of immunohistochemistry.…”

Section: Carcinomas With Neuroendocrine Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papillary and neuroendocrine breast lesions: the WHO stance

et al. 2015

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In this review, we highlight adaptations in the WHO 2012 classification of papillary and neuroendocrine breast lesions as compared with the previous 2003 version. Consensus criteria for distinguishing atypical ductal hyperplasia from ductal carcinoma in situ within an intraductal papilloma are proposed. The absence of myoepithelial cells around the wall of an encapsulated papillary carcinoma, although raising consideration of an indolent tumour with minimal invasion, is currently regarded as in-situ disease for staging purposes. The majority of solid papillary carcinomas are classified as in-situ tumours, but lesions with irregular tumour islands within desmoplastic stroma may be considered to be invasive. The diagnosis of solid papillary carcinoma without further qualification as either in-situ or invasive disease is discouraged. When invasive papillary carcinoma is seen in the breast, metastatic papillary carcinoma from other organ sites needs to be excluded. WHO 2012 classifies neuroendocrine breast tumours as well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour, small-cell carcinoma, and invasive breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. There is currently no clinical impact of identifying neuroendocrine differentiation in conventional invasive breast carcinomas, apart from acknowledging its frequent occurrence in subtypes such as the hypercellular variant of mucinous carcinoma and solid papillary carcinoma.

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Prognostic importance of neuroendocrine differentiation in Japanese breast cancer patients

Abstract: Neuroendocrine differentiation was identified in a subset (26%) of Japanese breast cancer patients, but this appeared to have no relationship with established prognostic factors or patient outcome.

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Arsenic, cadmium and neuron specific enolase (ENO2, γ-enolase) expression in breast cancer

Papillary and neuroendocrine breast lesions: the WHO stance

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Prognostic importance of neuroendocrine differentiation in Japanese breast cancer patients

Abstract: Neuroendocrine differentiation was identified in a subset (26%) of Japanese breast cancer patients, but this appeared to have no relationship with established prognostic factors or patient outcome.

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Arsenic, cadmium and neuron specific enolase (ENO2, γ-enolase) expression in breast cancer

Papillary and neuroendocrine breast lesions: the WHO stance

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Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients

Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Prognostic Research of 107 Chinese Patients