Prognostic measurement for equines with colic

Costa, Áthila Henrique Cipriano da; Correia, Gabriel da Silva; Assis, Daniel de Medeiros; Melo, Higina Moreira; Nunes, Vinícius Nogueira Azevedo; Nóbrega, Gilzane Dantas; Nunes, Izabely Maria Lira; Lima, Cinthia Dayanne Sena; Vaz, Antônio Fernando de Melo

doi:10.1007/s00580-020-03156-2

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Rupture or compromise of a gastrointestinal viscus has been associated with haemoconcentration secondary to septic shock, but despite ruptured viscus in 55% of GIT mares, haemoconcentration was similar to mares with urogenital trauma in this population. 11,19 Hyperglycaemia at admission has been reported as a negative prognostic indicator in horses with SIRS and colic, 20,21 but this is not supported by the data in this study. Although mares with PPH were more likely to be hyperglycaemic, this finding should be extrapolated to future patients with caution due to variability in degree of adrenergic stimulation and current endocrine status.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Peritoneal fluid analysis in equine post‐partum emergencies admitted to a referral hospital: A retrospective study of 110 cases

Offer

Russell²,

Carrick³

et al. 2022

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Background: Peritoneal fluid analysis has both diagnostic and prognostic value in colic but is little reported in the post-partum mare. Multiple conditions may present similarly in this period, and peritoneal fluid findings may aid a prompt diagnosis. Objectives:To describe the peritoneal fluid findings and their association with diagnosis in mares presenting to a single referral hospital for treatment of post-partum emergencies. Study design:A retrospective clinical study.Methods: Clinical records of 110 Thoroughbred mares were reviewed. Details of peritoneal fluid analysis from samples obtained at admission were recorded, in addition to history, physical examination, presenting clinicopathological data. Cases were classified by their primary diagnosis into groups of gastrointestinal tract (GIT), urogenital trauma (UGT) and post parturient haemorrhage (PPH). Univariable analysis was performed to compare findings between groups, using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey/Kruskal-Wallis, as appropriate. A multinomial logistic regression was performed for variables significant in the univariable analysis.Results: When separated into their diagnostic categories, 33/110 (30%) mares were classified as GIT, 55/110 (50%) UGT and 22/110 (20%) PPH. Peritoneal fluid packed cell volume (PCV), nucleated cell count (WBCC) and cytological findings were significantly different between diagnostic categories. The likelihood of diagnosis of PPH increased with an increase in peritoneal fluid PCV, the absence of degenerate neutrophils on peritoneal fluid cytology and a decrease in the peritoneal fluid WBCC. Overall survival to discharge was 55%. Main limitations:The study is referral hospital-based and retrospective in nature.Missing data reduced the power of analysis for several variables. Conclusions:Peritoneal fluid analysis may guide diagnosis in post-partum emergencies, but no one factor is uniformly diagnostic. Mares with PPH presented with a nonseptic peritonitis with higher peritoneal PCV.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Peritoneal fluid analysis in equine post‐partum emergencies admitted to a referral hospital: A retrospective study of 110 cases

Offer

Russell²,

Carrick³

et al. 2022

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…25 Similar pathophysiological events happen following intestinal ischaemia that result in alternation to anaerobic metabolism and leakage of lactate into the abdominal cavity and secondary accumulation of lactate in the blood circulation. [26][27][28][29][30] Neither PFL nor blood could be used as a biomarker for surgery in cases with NSII in the present study as lactate was not significantly higher in the NSII group than in the idiopathic peritonitis group. The significant overlap of the observed ranges of lactate concentrations in the two disease groups further hampers the ability to differentiate the two groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Peripheral hyperlactataemia in horses with colic is perceived mainly to be a result of tissue hypoxia due to hypovolemia 25 . Similar pathophysiological events happen following intestinal ischaemia that result in alternation to anaerobic metabolism and leakage of lactate into the abdominal cavity and secondary accumulation of lactate in the blood circulation 26–30 . Neither PFL nor blood could be used as a biomarker for surgery in cases with NSII in the present study as lactate was not significantly higher in the NSII group than in the idiopathic peritonitis group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Differentiating Strongylus vulgaris‐associated, non‐strangulating intestinal infarctions from idiopathic peritonitis and acute colitis in horses

et al. 2022

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Background Horses with non‐strangulating intestinal infarction (NSII) are often misdiagnosed with idiopathic peritonitis or acute colitis. Early diagnosis is essential to ensure early surgical intervention and improve survival. Methods Clinical and laboratory data from horses admitted to the University of Copenhagen Large Animal Teaching Hospital with NSII, idiopathic peritonitis or acute colitis between 2009 and 2018 were used for univariate comparisons and a multivariable logistic regression model for prediction of NSII. Results Two hundred and thirty‐one horses were included. A multivariable model for the prediction of NSII included gastric reflux (more than 5 L) (odds ratio [OR] 8.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1–36.2), abnormal findings palpated per rectum (intestinal dilatations/impactions [OR 4.43; 95% CI 1.43–13.38], colon displacements [OR 23.16; 95% CI 5.26–101.97] or intestinal mass [OR 179.7; 95% CI 23.5–1375.5]), white blood cell count (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.4), packed cell volume (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8–0.9), age (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8–1.0) and heart rate (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0–1.1). The model had a low false positive rate (5%), but a high false negative rate (50%). Limitations Due to the retrospective nature of the study, sample collection was inconsistent, resulting in missing values. Conclusion The model had some capability in predicting NSII. However, the high risk of false negatives means that exploratory laparotomy should be considered in horses with peritonitis of unknown aetiology in areas where Strongylus vulgaris is prevalent and occurrence of idiopathic peritonitis is low.

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“…Assim alguns dos estudos abordaram sobre uma importante avaliação para decisão do tratamento cirúrgico, que é a análise da glicose e do lactato peritoneal e observaram que todos os animais hiperglicêmicos do estudo necessitaram de cirurgia, podendo ser um parâmetro de indicação (Paim et al, 2019;Peloso & Cohen, 2012;Van den Boom et al, 2010). O Lactato peritoneal tem relação com hipoperfusão e hipoxia tecidual, pois quando ocorre distensão das vísceras por obstrução devido a compactação, diminui suprimento sanguíneo e oxigenação, mudando o metabolismo anaeróbico e formando o lactato que se exterioriza para o líquido peritoneal (Costa et al, 2020). Assim, como afirmam Paim et al, 2019;Peloso & Cohen, 2012;Van den Boom et al, 2010) dosagens elevadas de lactato sugerem uma possível resolução cirúrgica.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Ao tratarmos da cólica por compactação, a avaliação de alguns valores da química clínica, como exemplo o lactato no líquido peritoneal e a glicose sérica, estes podem indicar a necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico e o prognóstico nestes animais afetados. Portanto, sendo essencial tais análises para a sobrevida destes animais (Costa et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

State of the art on impaction colic syndrome in horses

Silva,

Rodrigues,

Rodrigues

2024

Pubvet

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A síndrome cólica ou abdômen agudo em equinos é uma doença que ocorre a partir de uma cadeia de desordens/distúrbios no trato gastrointestinal com sinais clínicos de dor abdominal. Na cólica por compactação há o acúmulo de massas desidratadas levando a obstrução total do trânsito intestinal, podendo ocorrer em qualquer porção do trato gastrointestinal, porém em alguns locais específicos devido as particularidades anatômicas do equino. Apesar dos avanços na equinocultura e no manejo de equinos a síndrome cólica continua a ocorrer frequentemente, causando também além da dor e estresse animal, prejuízos financeiros aos proprietários. Desse modo, é importante obter médicos veterinários capacitados para a realização de um diagnóstico precoce e tratamento correto desta afecção, considerando estudos como este, um auxílio para o reconhecimento e eficácia na terapêutica da síndrome cólica por compactação. Assim, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa seguindo as seis etapas abordadas na literatura, com objetivo de reunir estudos elaborados anteriormente sobre o tema, sendo a busca executada na plataforma Scopus. Após tabulação e interpretação de dados constatou-se a necessidade de mais atualizações anuais relacionadas. A ingestão de capim de baixa digestibilidade foi um dos principais fatores de risco, além de fitobezoares e corpos estranhos. Porém em maior âmbito a cólica por compactação ocorre devido a mudanças de manejo, qualidade/quantidade e tipo de alimento. O tratamento clínico configurou-se o mais realizado em casos de cólica, sendo o mais recomendado para controle da dor o anti-inflamatório não esteroidal flunixin meglumine. A hidratação ideal é a intravenosa com ringer lactato e o laxativo sene considerado contraindicado devido aos seus efeitos adversos. No mais este estudo possui dados para reconhecimento da epidemiologia da doença no Brasil e para incentivar outras pesquisas epidemiológicas sobre a afecção.

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Prognostic measurement for equines with colic

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Peritoneal fluid analysis in equine post‐partum emergencies admitted to a referral hospital: A retrospective study of 110 cases

Peritoneal fluid analysis in equine post‐partum emergencies admitted to a referral hospital: A retrospective study of 110 cases

Differentiating Strongylus vulgaris‐associated, non‐strangulating intestinal infarctions from idiopathic peritonitis and acute colitis in horses

State of the art on impaction colic syndrome in horses

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