Prognostic Significance of Immunohistochemical Markers in Glioma Patients

Strojnik, Tadej

doi:10.5772/24564

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“… 1-3 GBM is the most common and lethal type of astrocyte-derived tumor, constituting 50% of adult primary brain tumor cases, followed by anaplastic astrocytoma which constitutes 30% and astrocytoma which also constitutes 20%. 4 Licata et al . 5 established that 33% of intratumoral bleed is from GBM, 21% from metastases, 13% from anaplastic gliomas, 12% from lowgrade gliomas, 12% from meningiomas, 5% from adenomas, 2% from hemangioblastomas, 2% from melanomas, 1% from neuroblastoma and 1% from pinealoblastoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 42 Ki-67 antigen appearance indicates the percentage of cellular and biological aggressiveness in malignancy. 4 , 43 , 44 On the other hand, p53 protein is associated with the regulation of cell cycle and has been anomalous quantities of p53 protein is assumed to be related to amplified rates of proliferation. Therefore, mutations within the p53 gene frequently leads to anomalous secretion of p53 protein resulting in its buildup inside the nucleus of the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, mutations within the p53 gene frequently leads to anomalous secretion of p53 protein resulting in its buildup inside the nucleus of the cells. 4 , 45 Alpha thalassemia/ mental retardation syndrome Xlinked (ATRX) mutations has also been seen in diffuse GBM and linked to unconventional lengthening of telomeres and appear to congregate with TP53 mutations within secondary GBM. 46 , 47 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glioblastoma multiforme subterfuge as acute cerebral hemorrhage: A case report and literature review

Richard

et al. 2018

Neurol Int

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Hemorrhagic related Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are rare and characterizes with severe clinical scuffle. The etiology of this presentation although not well known is believed to be multifactorial. We present a case as well as review on the pathogenesis of evolution of the hematoma into ring enhancing features of GBM on imaging studies. We present a case of 28 years old man who suddenly went into coma for 9 hours preceded with seizures that latest for 10 minutes. He had no focal neurological signs. CT-Scans images indicated acute cerebral hemorrhage near the frontal horn of the left ventricle with brain edema about the hemorrhagic lesion and MRI done a week later revealed a cerebral ring enhancing lesion. The lesion was partially resected during surgery and immunohistochemical staining confirmed GBM (WHO, grade 4). The diagnosis of intratumoral hemorrhage in GBM was very challenging at the initial stages but with time the hematoma evolved into ring enhancing images typical of GBM. It’s not every intracranial hematoma that is of pure vascular origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%