Prognostic Significance of the CXCLs and Its Impact on the Immune Microenvironment in Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) family in tumor tissue is closely related to tumor growth, metastasis, and survival. However, the differential expression profile and prognostic value of the CXCLs in ovarian cancer (OC) have not been elucidated. Therefore, we studied the expression levels and mutations of CXCLs in OC patient in TCGA and various public databases. The expression differences of CXCLs in OC cancer tissues and normal tissues were compared through the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. The effect of CXCLs on OC prognosis was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier curves in GEPIA database. The impact of CXCLs on immune infiltration and clinicopathological outcomes in OC was assessed using the TIMER algorithm. Compared with normal tissues, we found that eight CXCLs were significantly differentially expressed in OC. The expression levels of CXCL9 ( P = 0.0201 ), CXCL11 ( P = 0.0385 ), and CXCL13 ( P = 0.0288 ) were significantly associated with tumor stage. CXCL13 was the only gene that significantly affected both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in OC, and higher CXCL13 transcript levels implied longer DFS and OS. Although there was no significant impact on DFS, CXCL10 ( P = 0.0079 ) and CXCL11 ( P = 0.0011 ) expression levels had a significant effect on OS in OC. At the same time, CXCLs were significantly associated with several immune-infiltrating cells in OC tissues. The CXCLs were significantly associated with one or more immune-infiltrating cells in OC tissue. CXCL13 was differentially expressed in OC and significantly affected the prognosis of patients and was a potential marker of OC prognosis.

Unlocking the Potential of Therapy-Induced Cytokine Responses: Illuminating New Pathways in Cancer Precision Medicine

“…In the context of cancer, cytokines in the tumor microenvironment may be produced by both neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells that are involved in the regulation of tumor growth, proliferation, survival, and response to therapy. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the role of cytokines in tumor response to chemotherapy and radiation [ 51 , 52 ].…”