Prognostic value of Doppler transmitral flow patterns in patients with congestive heart failure

Abstract

In patients with congestive heart failure, a restrictive transmitral flow pattern, female gender and advanced functional class are predictive of higher cardiac mortality. The restrictive transmitral flow pattern by Doppler echocardiography is the single best clinical predictor for cardiac death in patients with congestive heart failure.

Left ventricular diastolic function assessment from three‐dimensional three‐directional velocity‐encoded MRI with retrospective valve tracking

“…Restrictive transmitral flow has been shown to be an important prognostic factor for cardiac mortality in advanced heart failure patients (3). Based on the current findings, 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking not only provides more accurately transmitral flow volumes and regurgitation fraction as compared to 2D one-directional VE MRI, but the 3D VE MRI approach also better discriminates restrictive transmitral flow when Doppler echocardiography is used as the reference standard.…”

“…LEFT VENTRICULAR (LV) diastolic dysfunction refers to abnormal LV diastolic distensibility, filling, or relaxation, regardless of whether the ejection fraction is normal or abnormal and whether the patient is symptomatic or asymptomatic (1,2). Moreover, restrictive transmitral flow assessed with Doppler echocardiography is an important prognostic factor for cardiac mortality, especially in heart failure patients (3). LV diastolic function can be studied from transmitral flow velocity recordings using Doppler echocardiography or transmitral flow rate graphs assessed by two-dimensional (2D) one-directional velocity-encoded (VE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”

Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic heart failure

“…A number of the mitral inflow parameters have prognostic value, the commonest being a short DT and a persistent restrictive filling pattern 38 , 39 . In the clinical setting of acute myocardial infarction, a pseudonormal or restrictive filling pattern portends increased HF, unfavourable LV remodelling and increased cardiovascular mortality irrespective of LVEF 40 , 41 .…”

Echocardiographic evaluation of systolic heart failure

“…Several diastolic parameters such as deceleration time and restrictive filling 62 and decreased diastolic TDI velocities 63 are associated with poor prognosis in systolic HF. An E/Ea > 15 is a powerful prognosticator for adverse cardiac events 64 and is an independent predictor of cardiac mortality and HF hospitalisation 65 .…”