Prognostic value of human erythrocyte acetyl cholinesterase in acute organophosphate poisoning

Brahmi, Nozha; Mokline, A; Kouraichi, Nadia; Ghorbel, H.; Blel, Youssef; Thabet, H.; Hédhili, Abderrazek; Amamou, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2006.05.009

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Recent studies have reported that the most common clinical findings are vomiting and myosis (12,17,20,24,25). In our study, vomiting (79.1%) and myosis (50.7%) were also the most common clinical findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Epidemiology of organophosphate intoxication and predictors of intermediate syndrome

Çolak¹,

Erdoğan²,

Baydın³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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In the cotton zone of Punjab, Pakistan, only 20% of wheat is sown at the optimum sowing time, i.e. the first fortnight of November, while the remaining sowing is done from late November (30%) to December (50%) (Khan et al. 2002). Wheat has a determinate growth habit and a delay of each day in sowing from mid-November onward decreases the number of tillers, leaf area, and total dry matter. Moreover, late sowing of wheat also delays anthesis, which ultimately reduces grain yield at a rate of 30-40 kg day -1 ha -1 (Hussain et al. 1998;Akmal et al. 2011). Late-sown wheat has to complete its life cycle in a short duration because starch accumulation terminates at the same time in both normal and late-sown plants ( Khan et al. 2010). Late sowing results in poor germination and delayed emergence due to the prevalence of low temperatures at that time. In consequence, a weak crop stand and less tillering affect grain yields. Moreover, high temperatures at later growth stages enforce shortening of the grain filling period and early maturity.Limited availability of canal irrigation water and low precipitation are also common in the cotton-wheat cropping system of the South Punjab, Pakistan, and when coupled with late sowing, they severely affect wheat yields. Crop production in this region mainly depends on irrigation, but unfortunately per capita water availability is declining at an alarming rate, from 5260 m 3 in 1951 to 1066 m 3 in 2010, and it will be less than 870 m 3 per capita by 2025 (Ahmad et al. 2009). Due to scarcity in irrigation and water supply, and increasing competition for water demand from nonagricultural sectors, the focus is already shifting from maximizing the production per unit area towards the maximization of the production per unit of water consumed, often termed as water productivity (Fereres and Soriano 2007). For that purpose, and to optimize crop economic returns under conditions of less irrigation water use (irrigation supply below full crop water requirement, evapotranspiration [ETo]), new strategies should be developed. These challenges may be overcome either by minimizing the water losses or by improving the crop water use efficiency. These can be achieved by promoting a large and early canopy development of growing plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Epidemiology of organophosphate intoxication and predictors of intermediate syndrome

Çolak¹,

Erdoğan²,

Baydın³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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“…SChE is mainly composed of BChE, which is used as a biomarker of exposure to OPIs. This paper does not evaluate OPinduced respiratory muscle impairment at neuromuscular junctions due to AChE inhibition, which would be indirectly measured as EChE activity in red blood cells (20), a biomarker of measuring AChE activity in the nervous system. Therefore, the empirically determined SChE activities presented in Table 1 should not be correlated to AChE inhibition in the nerve tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on serum cholinesterase inhibition by acute exposure to diazinon in rats

Oğuzhanoğlu¹,

Andaç²,

Tüfek³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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Ethylene adsorption on a Ni 55 nanocluster was studied by means of the density functional theory (DFT)/B3LYP using the basis sets of 6-31G(d,p) and 86-411(41d)G in Gaussian 03. The Ni 55 nanocluster was found to have a distorted icosahedral geometry, in accordance with the experimental findings. The binding energy value for the Ni 55 nanocluster was calculated to be 3.51 eV/atom using equilibrium geometry calculations. The estimated bulk nickel binding energy was in reasonable agreement with the experimental value (4.85 versus 4.45 eV/atom). In addition, equilibrium geometry calculations were performed for ethylene adsorption on the Ni 55 nanocluster for 2 different coordination numbers of 6 and 8 with π -adsorption modes.The related adsorption energies were computed as -0.87 and -0.68 eV, respectively.

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“…Therefore, the prediction of mortality is important to allow proper resource allocation and therapeutic aggressiveness. Although the plasma or urine OP concentrations, cholinesterase (CE) activity, and serum ß-glucuronidase level correlate with severity and mortality rates [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], these laboratory methods are not readily available and their usefulness remains controversial [19]. The absence of specific laboratory methods indicates the need for a clinically-based prognostic system [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of long QT interval in acute and severe organophosphate poisoning

et al. 2009

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Introduction: Suicidal poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) pesticides is common, particularly from rural areas. This highlights the importance of determining an OP poisoning prognosis to decide how aggressive treatment should be. There are reports suggesting a relationship between prolonged corrected QT (QTC) interval and the severity of poisoning. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of this clinical tool in OP poisoning (OPP) patients.Methods: Patients with the primary diagnosis of OPP who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Loghman-Hakim Hospital Poison Centre (LHHPC) were the subjects of this prospective study. Cholinesterase (CE) activity and the QTC interval was determined for each patient using the Bazett formula and considering <440 msec as normal. Comparative outcomes of the study were duration of both hospitalization and mechanical ventilation, serum CE activity on admission and its daily level, total amount of atropine administered, analysis of the QT and QTC intervals in the primary ECG on admission and at the end of hospitalization, and rate of mortality.Results: The study included 42 patients with a diagnosis of OPP. The mean age of the patients was 32, ranged from 12 to 81 years old. The mortality rate was 37.5%. There was no significant difference between two groups (prolonged and normal QTC intervals) according to gender and age (p = .491 and p = .133, respectively). The CE level for long and normal QTC interval groups was 3.90 Ϯ 0.33 kU/L vs. 4.41 Ϯ 0.23 kU/L, respectively. The mortality rate in the long QTC group was significantly higher than that of the normal QTC group (p = .044). Moreover, the average period of hospitalization in patients with prolonged QTC interval was higher than the other group (p = .02). The average atropine required to control the muscarinic signs and symptoms such as salivation, bronchorrehea, and miosis in patients with prolonged QTC interval was 38.60 mg; in patients with normal QTC interval it was 20.02 mg (p = .013).Conclusion: QTC interval prolongation may have prognostic value in OPP.

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Prognostic value of human erythrocyte acetyl cholinesterase in acute organophosphate poisoning

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Epidemiology of organophosphate intoxication and predictors of intermediate syndrome

Epidemiology of organophosphate intoxication and predictors of intermediate syndrome

Protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on serum cholinesterase inhibition by acute exposure to diazinon in rats

Prognostic value of long QT interval in acute and severe organophosphate poisoning

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