Prognostic Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase, Melanoma Inhibitory Protein, and S-100B Protein in Patients with Malignant Melanoma

Abstract

Objective. This investigation probed the prognostic potential for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA), and S-100B protein in cases of malignant melanoma. Methods. 84 cases were segregated into effective cohort (n = 64) and ineffective cohort (n = 20) depending on clinical efficacy. The cases were followed up for three years and segregated into mortality cohort (n = 29) and survival cohort (n = 55) depending upon 3-year survival. Serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B levels were compared across the effective and ineffective cohorts. Serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B levels in cases of different clinical stages were comparatively analyzed, with correlations of these indicators with the clinical stage being evaluated. ROC evaluated the prognostic potential of serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B. Cases were segregated into the high-level and low-level cohorts according to serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B levels, and the survival rates of cases were compared. Results. The levels of LDH, MIA, and S-100B in the effective cohort were significantly lower than those in the ineffective cohort. The AUC value of the composite indicator of serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B for effectiveness evaluation was (0.839). Serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B levels were positively linked to the clinical stage. AUC value of the composite indicator of serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B for prognosis evaluation prediction (0.942) was elevated compared to LDH (0.632), MIA (0.732), or S-100B (0.828) alone. Survival rate of cases of LDH ≥30.56 mg/L (57.14%, 32/56) was lower than that of cases of LDH <30.56 mg/L (82.14%, 23/28) (log-rank χ2 = 4.672, P < 0.05 ). The survival rate of MIA ≥5.34 ng/mL cases was lower than that of MIA <5.34 ng/mL cases. The survival rate of cases of S-100B ≥ 1.03ug/L was lower than that of S-100B < 1.03ug/L. Conclusion. Serum LDH, MIA, and S-100B protein levels are linked to the clinical stage. The lactate dehydrogenase, melanoma inhibitory protein, and S-100B protein are of good clinical effectiveness and have the prognostic potential for cases of malignant melanoma.

Cutaneous Melanoma: A Review of Multifactorial Pathogenesis, Immunohistochemistry, and Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection and Management

“…Similar results were reported by various other authors [159][160][161]. Furthermore, increased MIA levels are significantly associated with decreased survival [158,162]. Moreover, MIA levels have also been correlated with melanoma recurrence [163].…”

Correlation Studies between S100 Protein Level and Soluble MIA or Tissue MelanA and gp100 (HMB45) Expression in Cutaneous Melanoma

“…The molecule belongs to a family that comprises four members: MIA, MIA2, TANGO (transport and Golgi organization protein 1), and OTOR (otoraplin), with 34–45% of amino acid structure homology and 47–59% of cDNA sequence homology [ 31 ]. MIA is expressed in melanoma cells, and its soluble form is considered a valuable biomarker for the evaluation of melanoma progression [ 14 , 32 ]. MIA is involved in the detachment of melanoma cells from the extracellular matrix (ECM), inhibiting their attachment to fibronectin and laminin and promoting cell migration and invasion.…”

Retracted: Prognostic Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase, Melanoma Inhibitory Protein, and S‐100B Protein in Patients with Malignant Melanoma

“…Tis article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. Tis investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process:…”

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Peer-review manipulation …”