Program Keluarga Harapan dan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Preventif

Abstract

Program keluarga harapan (PKH) yang berbasis bantuan tunai bersyarat (conditional cash transfers, CCT) di bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan telah diluncurkan Pemerintah Indonesia sejak Juli 2007 di 348 kecamatan dari 48 kabupaten/kota di 7 provinsi, namun dampaknya dalam mengurangi angka kemiskinan dan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia warga miskin belum pernah dievaluasi. Studi ini mengevaluasi dampak awal PKH terhadap penggunaan layanan kesehatan preventif. Evaluasi ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimen, intervensi program PKH berbasis rumah tangga dengan pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol yang sebelumnya dipilih acak pada tingkat kecamatan.Data diperoleh dari survei dasar CCT tahun 2007 dan survei lanjutan PKH tahun 2008 yang dikumpulkan di 6 provinsi. Hasil estimasi metode double-difference menunjukkan dampak program intervensi PKH pada kenaikan sejumlah indikator pelayanan kesehatan preventif seperti kunjungan posyandu, pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak, dan imunisasi. Temuan ini penting sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan untuk melanjutkan program. Namun karena evaluasi awal ini memiliki sejumlah keterbatasan, hasil studi ini harus ditafsirkan hati-hati dan divalidasi lebih lanjut dengan data survei PKH tahun 2009 menggunakan berbagai metode analisisKata kunci: Evaluasi dampak, bantuan tunai bersyarat, program keluarga harapan, pelayanan kesehatan preventifAbstractFamily hope program (PKH), a conditional cash transfers (CCT)-based program in education and health, has been launched by the Government of Indonesia since 2007 in 348 sub-districts of 48 regencies/cities in 7 provinces, but its impact on the reduction of poverty and improvement of poor human resources has not been evaluated. This study valuates initial impact of the PKH on the utilization of preventive healthcare services. This evaluation applies experimental design, a household-based intervention program with measurements prior to and after-intervention in both treatment and control groups that previously were chosen randomly at the sub-district level. The data were obtained from CCT baseline surveys 2007 and PKH follow-up survey 2008 in 6 provinces. Double-difference estimates show the impact of PKH on the increase of preventive health care services indicators such as visit to posyandu, child growth monitoring, and immunization. These findings are important for decision making to continue the program. However, as this initial evaluation has a number of limitations, this study should be interpreted with caution and be validated further by PKH survey 2009 data using different methods of analysis.Key words: Impact evaluation, conditional cash transfers, family hope program, preventive health services

Efektivitas Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dan Dampaknya Terhadap Religiositas Masyarakat Penerima Bantuan di Kabupaten Solok

“…Kemiskinan merupakan masalah publik yang kompleks dan bersifat multidimensional. (Hidayat et al, 2011). Kemiskinan berimplikasi terhadap pendidikan, kesehatan, kemampuan ekonomi serta partisipasi masyarakat dalam sebuah Negara.…”

Integrated Services Post (Posyandu) as Sociocultural Approach for Primary Health Care Issue

“…Although actually Posyandu has to extent the activity to the wider components (mental and social), but the mindset of the Government until the grass-root level still trapped into narrower view. [17][18] The third problem is about misunderstanding on the organization of Posyandu. Politically, the organization of Posyandu is under the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kementerian Dalam Negeri), health sector only one of several component in the organization.…”