The present research aims to develop a scientific basis for information support system for studying environmental aspects of the economic development of border regions. The relevance of this goal stems from the peculiarities of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative’ border regions in Russia, China and Kazakhstan in terms of various aspects of economy-environment interaction in specific territories. Based on the generalization of analytical materials and scientific publications, we propose the ways to form a system of information support for the studying, which can be used to develop an ecological and economic integration policy of border regions. Approbation of the approach proposed by the authors was carried out within the framework of the scientific research program of the Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS.