Programmatic mapping and size estimation of key populations to inform HIV programming in Tanzania

Wambura, Mwita; Nyato, Daniel; Makyao, Neema; Drake, Mary; Kuringe, Evodius; Casalini, Caterina; Materu, Jacqueline; Nnko, Soori; Mbita, Gasper; Shao, Amani; Komba, Albert; Changalucha, John; Saidel, Tobi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228618

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Mapping relies on the numeric estimates of key informants instead of the count of key populations at each identified site, thus there may be differences between different respondents interviewed at various sites [ 34 ]. The variability of the estimates of different respondents could influence the accuracy of the overall estimation [ 35 ]. Overestimating or underestimating the number of key populations may happen.…”

Section: Methods Based On Population Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summarizing methods for estimating population size for key populations: a global scoping review for human immunodeficiency virus research

Jing

Lü

et al. 2022

AIDS Res Ther

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Background Estimating the population sizes of key populations(people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, transgender persons, and commercial sex workers) is critical for understanding the overall Human Immunodeficiency Virus burden. This scoping review aims to synthesize existing methods for population size estimation among key populations, and provide recommendations for future application of the existing methods. Methods Relevant studies published from 1st January 2000 to 4th August 2020 and related to key population size estimation were retrieved and 120 of 688 studies were assessed. After reading the full texts, 81 studies were further excluded. Therefore, 39 studies were included in this scoping review. Estimation methods included five digital methods, one in-person method, and four hybrid methods. Finding We summarized and organized the methods for population size estimateion into the following five categories: methods based on independent samples (including capture-recapture method and multiplier method), methods based on population counting (including Delphi method and mapping method), methods based on the official report (including workbook method), methods based on social network (including respondent-driven sampling method and network scale-up method) and methods based on data-driven technologies (Bayesian estimation method, Stochastic simulation method, and Laska, Meisner, and Siegel estimation method). Thirty-six (92%) articles were published after 2010 and 23 (59%) used multiple methods. Among the articles published after 2010, 11 in high-income countries and 28 in low-income countries. A total of 10 estimated the size of commercial sex workers, 14 focused on men who have sex with men, and 10 focused on people who inject drugs. Conclusions There was no gold standard for population size estimation. Among 120 studies that were related to population size estimation of key populations, the most commonly used population estimation method is the multiplier method (26/120 studies). Every method has its strengths and biases. In recent years, novel methods based on data-driven technologies such as Bayesian estimation have been developed and applied in many surveys.

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Section: Methods Based On Population Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summarizing methods for estimating population size for key populations: a global scoping review for human immunodeficiency virus research

Jing

Lü

et al. 2022

AIDS Res Ther

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“…Although the insights generated from the consultation sessions were informative for the messages and SBC activities focusing on men, the consultation sessions did not include men who have sex with men (MSM), nor were the findings intended to be generalizable. However, MSM have been the focus of other HIV Test and Treat programs such as Sauti ( Wambura et al, 2020 ). In addition, the campaign’s messages may be more appealing to men and people in urban areas who may be more active than men in rural areas and therefore may have a stronger desire to belong and retain control .…”

Section: Limitations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Implementation, and Scale Up of the National Furaha Yangu Campaign to Promote HIV Test and Treat Services Uptake Among Men in Tanzania

Conserve

Msofe²,

Issango

et al. 2022

Am J Mens Health

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Evidence has demonstrated that immediate HIV treatment initiation upon a positive HIV test, referred to as Test and Treat, can help people living with HIV live longer, healthier lives and prevent HIV transmission. Although Tanzania adopted the evidence-based Test and Treat strategy since 2016, men were not being adequately reached for HIV services. A national campaign was launched to promote the new HIV services with a focus on men. To inform the development and implementation of the campaign, we conducted formative audience insights-gathering (AIG) sessions to assess facilitators and barriers to accessing HIV Test and Treat services and inform the concepts and materials for the campaign. Qualitative AIG interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 54 people who were unaware or aware of their HIV status and currently or not currently on treatment, as well as health workers. Facilitators and barriers included a fear of testing positive, the desire to belong, control their narratives, and reinvent themselves to achieve their dreams and live a happy life. The campaign played off a My Happiness! creative concept to position antiretroviral therapy (ART) as a solution to fears around what life would be like after a positive HIV diagnosis. The development and implementation of the campaign were informed by the AIG sessions and national stakeholders, leading to strong partners’ buy-in that supported the scale-up of the ongoing campaign from 12 to 26 regions via the collaborative efforts of government, donors, and implementing partners.

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“…Mapping relies on the numeric estimates of key informants instead of the count of key populations at each identi ed site, thus there may be differences between different respondents interviewed at various sites (35). The variability of the estimates of different respondents could in uence the accuracy of the overall estimation (36). Mapping is not based on individuals, thus overestimating or underestimating the number of key populations may happen.…”

Section: Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Estimating Population Size for Key Populations: A Global Scoping Review for HIV Research

Xu¹,

Jing²,

Lü³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Estimating the population sizes of key populations is critical for understanding the overall HIV burden. This scoping review aims to synthesize existing methods for population size estimation among key populations (people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender persons, sex workers, and incarcerated individuals), and provide recommendations for future application of the existing methods.Main text: A scoping review was conducted and 39 of 688 studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed. Estimation methods included five digital methods, one in-person method, and four hybrid methods. We summarized and organized the methods for population size estimation into the following five categories: methods based on independent samples (including capture-recapture method and multiplier method), methods based on population counting (including Delphi method and mapping method), methods based on the official report (including workbook method), methods based on social network (including respondent-driven sampling method and network scale-up method) and methods based on data-driven technologies (Bayesian estimation method, Stochastic simulation method, and LMS estimation method). 36 (92%) articles were published after 2010 and 23 (59%) used multiple methods. These include 11 in high-income countries and 28 in low-income countries. A total of 10 estimates the size of sex workers, 14 focused on MSM, and 10 focused on PWID. Conclusion: There was no gold standard for population size estimation. Among 120 studies that were related to population size estimation of key populations, the most commonly used population estimation method is the multiplier method (26/120 studies). Every method has its strengths. For example, some traditional methods are simple and easy to use for researchers. Some novel methods are time- and resources- saving. However, each method has its limitations and bias. For example, for the respondent-driven sampling method, stigma and discrimination may lead to the "hiddenness" of the key population; for the multiplier method, the quality of authentic data may also influence the accuracy of the estimation. In recent years, novel methods based on data-driven technologies such as Bayesian estimation have been developed and applied in many surveys.

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Programmatic mapping and size estimation of key populations to inform HIV programming in Tanzania

Abstract: Conclusion This study provides the baseline figures for planning, target setting and monitoring of the HIV intervention services in the study areas and geographic prioritisation of the response by allocating more resources to areas with a large number of FSWs and MSM.

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Summarizing methods for estimating population size for key populations: a global scoping review for human immunodeficiency virus research

Summarizing methods for estimating population size for key populations: a global scoping review for human immunodeficiency virus research

Development, Implementation, and Scale Up of the National Furaha Yangu Campaign to Promote HIV Test and Treat Services Uptake Among Men in Tanzania

Methods for Estimating Population Size for Key Populations: A Global Scoping Review for HIV Research

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