Programming Living Glue Systems to Perform Autonomous Mechanical Repairs

An, Bo; Wang, Yanyi; Jiang, Xiaoyu; Ma, Conghui; Mimee, Mark; Moser, Felix; Li, Ké; Wang, Xinyu; Tang, Tzu‐Chieh; Huang, Yuanyuan; Liu, Yifan; Lu, Timothy K.; Zhong, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2020.09.006

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…become active components of material's design and perform advanced functions. [1][2][3] Examples of ELMs include biofilters to sequester metals [4] or viruses, [5] bacterial hydrogels for biosensing, [6] shape-morphing composites, [7] self-healing adhesives, [8] photosynthetic biogarments [9] or self-regulated drug delivery devices. [10] A common feature in these constructs is the encapsulation of the organisms within matrices including natural polymers like agarose, [11,12] alginate, [13] and dextran, [14] synthetic polymers like polyvinyl alcohol [15] and Pluronic, [16,17] or inorganic matrices like porous silica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating bacterial behavior within hydrogels of tunable viscoelasticity

Bhusari

Sankaran

Campo

2022

Preprint

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Engineered living materials (ELMs) are a new class of materials in which living organisms incorporated into diffusive matrices uptake a fundamental role in material composition and function. Understanding how the spatial confinement in 3D affects the behavior of the embedded cells is crucial to design and predict ELM functions, regulate and minimize their environmental impact and facilitate their translation into applied materials. This study investigates the growth and metabolic activity of bacteria within an associative hydrogel network (Pluronic-based) with mechanical properties that can be tuned by introducing a variable degree of acrylate crosslinks. Individual bacteria distributed in the hydrogel matrix at low density form functional colonies whose size is controlled by the extent of permanent crosslinks. With increasing stiffness and decreasing plasticity of the matrix, a decrease in colony volumes and an increase in their sphericity is observed. Protein production surprisingly follows a different pattern with higher production yields occurring in networks with intermediate permanent crosslinking degrees. These results demonstrate that, bacterial mechanosensitivity can be used to control and regulate the composition and function of ELMs by thoughtful design of the encapsulating matrix, and by following design criteria with interesting similarities to those developed for 3D culture of mammalian cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating bacterial behavior within hydrogels of tunable viscoelasticity

Bhusari

Sankaran

Campo

2022

Preprint

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“…In particular, the curli system of E. coli, which utilizes the extracellular secretion and self-assembly of CsgA monomers to form a proteinaceous mesh, was shown to produce tunable materials when refactored. 40,41 In addition, the same secretory machinery was used to produce heterogeneous amyloid-forming proteins extracellularly, as described by Sivanathan et al 42 In this example, the authors secrete the yeast prion protein Sup35 by overproducing the transport protein CsgG4. This work is particularly relevant because it shows that integrating the secretion channels of microorganisms with natural or artificially designed self-assembling proteins might also help to develop artificial extracellular matrices with novel functions.…”

Section: Challenge 1: Controlling Secretion and Assembly To Deliver Engineerable Protein-based Elmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-up approaches to engineered living materials: Challenges and future directions

Molinari

Tesoriero

Ajo‐Franklin

2021

Matter

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Biomaterials made by living systems, while very diverse, generally share similar organization: different lineages of cells are precisely patterned within a matrix to create a hierarchically defined structure. This meticulous organization allows for their multifunctional properties, which often exceed those of traditional materials. For these reasons, there is growing interest in creating engineered living materials (ELMs) that will have capabilities similar to those of natural living materials yet with tailored functions. This review aims to highlight technologies still missing from the field of ELMs, which currently prevents more impactful applications. We briefly review the existing literature and identify challenges in designing novel protein-based and non-ribosomally synthesized matrix elements, producing and incorporating biominerals, and improving critical material properties such as lifespan, spatial patterning, and cell-cell communication. We also discuss the interplay between these challenges and the need for the development of new chassis and corresponding genetic toolboxes. By overcoming these obstacles, we come ever closer to unlocking the potential and versatility of biomaterials to create designer ELMs.Protein-based materials (PBMs) are ubiquitous in nature and have often been studied and explored for commercial applications-especially in the biomedical field.

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“…Last but not least, outstanding opportunities can lie ahead as a surprise in the integration of phenolic chemistries and living systems and biotechnology. [283][284][285] For example, phenolic polymerization/assembly can be adapted to engineer the interface or intracellular structures of living cells or protocells, [176,279,286,287] which can find emergent applications in cytoprotection, bioimaging, single cell manipulation, and origin-of-life modeling. Furthermore, we are keen to see the incorporation of phenolic chemistries into DNA origami and CRISPR-Cas technologies, which would give birth to programmable phenolic materials.…”

Section: Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Advances in Spatiotemporal Control of Bioinspired Phenolic Chemistries in Materials Science

Jia

Wen

Cheng

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Nature-inspired phenolic chemistries have substantially nourished the engineering of advanced materials for widespread applications in energy, catalysis, and biomedicine, among others. To achieve predictable yet adaptable material structures and properties, the spatial and/or temporal control over the phenolic chemistries per se is increasingly demanded. In this review, a systematic overview of recent strategical advances in the spatiotemporal control of phenolic chemistries in materials science is given. The chemical diversity and reactivity of catechols and polyphenols are first introduced as phenolic building blocks. With a main focus on catechols (especially dopamine), renewed insights into their mechanisms of polymerization/assembly, adhesion, and cohesion are provided. The conditions for tuning phenolic polymerization/assembly are also outlined. This paper focuses on the latest strategies for imparting controlled manipulation of phenolic chemistries in terms of many aspects: growth kinetics, chemical compositions and structures, dimensions and architectures, spatial patterns, and surface functionality. Finally, critical issues facing this field with perspectives delivered on future research are discussed. As envisaged, this review will provide helpful guidance to orchestrate state-of-the-art phenolic chemistries and materials science for producing materials with intended, application-oriented properties and functions.

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Programming Living Glue Systems to Perform Autonomous Mechanical Repairs

Cited by 52 publications

References 53 publications

Regulating bacterial behavior within hydrogels of tunable viscoelasticity

Regulating bacterial behavior within hydrogels of tunable viscoelasticity

Bottom-up approaches to engineered living materials: Challenges and future directions

Strategic Advances in Spatiotemporal Control of Bioinspired Phenolic Chemistries in Materials Science

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