Progress and challenges in photocatalytic ammonia synthesis

Abstract

Photocatalytic ammonia (NH3) synthesis from N2 and water driven by solar energy is a sustainable and environment-friend technology, which has gained considerable attention in recent years. In this review, the...

Photocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction by Ti3C2 MXene Derived Oxygen Vacancy‐Rich C/TiO2

“…However, it is difficult to detect the production of O 2 , the product of hole oxidation with H 2 O, which may be water oxidation is very difficult to be oxidated. [ 65 ] Therefore, we tested the production of ·OH formed by the valence hole oxidation under visible light irradiation, with the coumarin method (Figure S10, Supporting Information). Further, we used CH 3 OH to replace H 2 O as the proton source, the photocatalytic production of NH 3 over all the sample were significantly improved (Figure 4B), and the highest NH 3 production was achieved to 84 µmol g −1 h −1 at OV‐C/TiO 2 ‐600.…”

Recent Advances in MOF‐Based Materials for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation

“…However, the indophenol blue method is susceptible to environmental interference, such as CO 2 in the air, pH of the solution, and coexisting metal ions. These factors will significantly affect the sensitivity and accuracy of this method [92,93] . The results obtained using Nessler's reagent can accurately measure the ammonia concentration in a wide range of pH, while the indophenol blue method is relatively stable only in neutral and alkaline environments, and the results will be significantly underestimated under acidic conditions [84] .…”

Biomimetic photocatalysts for the conversion of aqueous- and gas-phase nitrogen species to molecular nitrogen via denitrification and ammonia oxidation

“…181 Among these methods, the photocatalytic reduction of N 2 to NH 3 holds great promise, as the electrons and hydrogen are provided by sunlight and water, respectively, although the cleavage of the N^N bond in N 2 at standard temperature and pressure is a big challenge because of the low solubility of this gas. 182 From an environmental perspective, NH 3 is not a useful chemical but a pollutant because of its high toxicity, corrosivity, odor, etc., and should therefore be effectively removed from air and water. The expansion of agricultural infrastructure to satisfy the increasing global food demand is facilitating the release of NH 3 (from fertilizers, livestock excretions, etc.)…”