Progress and inequalities in infant and young child feeding practices in India between 2006 and 2016

Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Avula, Rasmi; Headey, Derek; Tran, Lan Mai; Ruel, Marie T.; Menon, Purnima

doi:10.1111/mcn.12663

Cited by 39 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…While maternal education was more strongly associated with consumption of essential food items and all food groups, household wealth status was significantly associated with consumption of dairy group only. In general our findings are consistent with results from past [21,23,24,31] and recent studies [32] conducted in LMICs and India, which found a positive relationship between measures of individual-level socioeconomic status and specific food item/food group consumption and diversified dietary intake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Socio-economic patterning of food consumption and dietary diversity among Indian children: evidence from NFHS-4

et al. 2019

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Background/Objectives Most interventions to foster child growth and development in India focus on improving food quality and quantity. We aimed to assess the pattern in food consumption and dietary diversity by socioeconomic status (SES) among Indian children. Subjects/Methods The most recent nationally representative, cross-sectional data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4, 2015-16) was used for analysis of 73,852-74,038 children aged 6-23 months. Consumption of 21 food items, seven food groups, and adequately diversified dietary intake (ADDI) was collected through mother's 24-h dietary recall. Logistic regression models were conducted to assess the association between household wealth and maternal education with food consumption and ADDI, after controlling for covariates. Results Overall, the mean dietary diversity score was low (2.26; 95% CI:2.24-2.27) and the prevalence of ADDI was only 23%. Both household wealth and maternal education were significantly associated with ADDI (OR:1.28; 95% CI:1.18-1.38 and OR:1.75; 95% CI:1.63-1.90, respectively), but the SES gradient was not particularly strong. Furthermore, the associations between SES and consumption of individual food items and food groups were not consistent. Maternal education was more strongly associated with consumption of essential food items and all food groups, but household wealth was found to have significant influence on intake of dairy group only. Conclusions Interventions designed to improve food consumption and diversified dietary intake among Indian children need to be universal in their targeting given the overall high prevalence of inadequate dietary diversity and the relatively small differentials by SES.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Socio-economic patterning of food consumption and dietary diversity among Indian children: evidence from NFHS-4

et al. 2019

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“…We found that higher SES was associated with a 50% decrease in EBF. Likewise, in a recent analysis of India's NFHS 2005and NFHS 2015-2016 datasets higher SES was negatively associated with EBF both directly and indirectly through access to information and services, parity, and urban/rural residence (Nguyen et al, 2018). The systematic review of determinants of EIBF in South Asia highlights differences in the role of sociodemographic factors by region and thus the need for context-specific understanding on breastfeeding determinants (Sharma & Byrne, 2016).…”

Section: Maternal and Household Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

It takes a village: An empirical analysis of how husbands, mothers‐in‐law, health workers, and mothers influence breastfeeding practices in Uttar Pradesh, India

Young

Nguyen

Kachwaha

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Evidence on strategies to improve infant and young child feeding in India, a country that carries the world's largest burden of undernutrition, is limited. In the context of a programme evaluation in two districts in Uttar Pradesh, we sought to understand the multiple influences on breastfeeding practices and to model potential programme influence on improving breastfeeding. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 1,838 recently delivered women, 1,194 husbands, and 1,353 mothers/mothers‐in‐law. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association between key determinants (maternal, household, community, and health services) and breastfeeding outcomes [early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF)], prelacteal feed, and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). We used population attributable risk analysis to estimate potential improvement in breastfeeding practices. Breastfeeding practices were suboptimal: EIBF (26.3%), EBF (54%), and prelacteal feeding (33%). EIBF was positively associated with maternal knowledge, counselling during pregnancy/delivery, and vaginal delivery at a health facility. Prelacteal feeds were less likely to be given when mothers had higher knowledge, beliefs and self‐efficacy, delivered at health facility, and mothers/mothers‐in‐law had attended school. EBF was positively associated with maternal knowledge, beliefs and self‐efficacy, parity, and socio‐economic status. High maternal stress and domestic violence contributed to lower EBF. Under optimal programme implementation, we estimate EIBF can be improved by 25%, prelacteal feeding can be reduced by 25%, and EBF can be increased by 23%. A multifactorial approach, including maternal‐, health service‐, family‐, and community‐level interventions has the potential to lead to significant improvements in breastfeeding practices in Uttar Pradesh.

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“…According to the study [80] that examines trends in the young child feeding practices in India in the period of 2006-2016, breastfeeding practices have shown signi cant improvements: Early initiation of breastfeeding nearly doubled from 23% to 42%, and Exclusive breastfeeding increased from 46% to 55%. However, still, a major cohort of children are missing out and the current rates, at best can be described as modest [80]. Several factors play role in dis-continuation of breastfeeding.…”

Section: Related Work 31 Breastfeeding Practices In India Support Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedpal

Yadav

Malik

Dabas

et al. 2019

Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.

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Use of chatbots in di erent spheres of life is continuously increasing since a couple of years. We attempt to understand the potential of chatbots for breastfeeding education by conducting an Wizard-of-Oz experiment with 22 participants. Our participants included breastfeeding mothers and community health workers from the slum areas of Delhi, India. We prototyped our chatbot as an interactive question-answering application and analyzed users' interaction patterns, perceptions, and contexts of use. The chatbot use cases emerged primarily as the rst line of support. The participants, especially the mothers, were enthusiastic with the opportunity to ask questions and get reliable answers. We also observed the in uencing role of female relative, e.g. mothers-in-law, in breastfeeding practices. Our analysis of user information-seeking suggests that a majority of questions (88%) are of nature that can be answered by a chatbot application. We further observe that the queries are embedded deeply into myths and existing belief systems. Therefore requiring the designers to focus on subtle aspects for providing information such as positive reinforcement and contextual sensitivity. Further, we discuss, di erent societal and ethical issues associated with Chatbot usage for a public health topic such as breastfeeding education.

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Progress and inequalities in infant and young child feeding practices in India between 2006 and 2016

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Socio-economic patterning of food consumption and dietary diversity among Indian children: evidence from NFHS-4

Socio-economic patterning of food consumption and dietary diversity among Indian children: evidence from NFHS-4

It takes a village: An empirical analysis of how husbands, mothers‐in‐law, health workers, and mothers influence breastfeeding practices in Uttar Pradesh, India

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