Progress and prospects of mining with backfill in metal mines in China

Xue, Gaili; Yilmaz, Erol; Wang, Yongding

doi:10.1007/s12613-023-2663-0

Cited by 39 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Therefore, the study of cheap cementing materials suitable for mine filling is in line with the development trend of mine resource utilization and economy [5]. The application of waste slag from various metallurgical fields and thermal power plants to develop new cementing materials is a hot research topic at present [6][7][8][9][10], which has important practical significance for enterprises to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and improve economic benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ratio and Hydration Mechanism of Titanium-Extracted Residual Slag-Based Filling Cementitious Materials

Li,

Hao

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Using metallurgical solid waste Titanium-extracted Residual Slag (TRS) as mine-filling cementitious material is crucial to reduce the filling cost and promote the utilization of solid waste resources. In this paper, taking the strength of the backfill at different curing ages as the response target, the Design-expert mixing design was used to optimize the proportioning experiment of titanium-extracted residual slag, titanium gypsum, silicate cement, and total tailings, to analyze the interactions and influences of the materials on the strength of the backfill, and to analyze the hydration mechanism of the titanium-extracted residual slag-based filling cementitious materials under the optimal proportioning. The results show that: (1) the order of the sensitivity of each component to the strength of backfill is: composite activator > cement > titanium gypsum > titanium-extracted residual slag, and there are different degrees of interaction between them; (2) the optimal ratio of titanium-extracted residual slag-based filling cementitious materials is TRS:titanium gypsum:cement:composite activator = 55:25:17:3; (3) early strength formation of backfill is mainly related to its hydration products ettringite and C-S-H, the rapid nucleation and cross-growth of ettringite in the early stage forms an effective physical filling effect, which is the main reason for the formation of high early strength, and the later strength of backfill benefited from the continuous accumulation of C-S-H encapsulation and bonding, which further densified its internal structure; (4) the use of titanium-extracted residual slag-based filling cementitious materials contributes to safe, green, and economic mining.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ratio and Hydration Mechanism of Titanium-Extracted Residual Slag-Based Filling Cementitious Materials

Li,

Hao

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…The application of underground mining offers significant economic benefits compared to open pit mining [2,3]. Implementing these mining techniques inevitably creates a large amount of tailings, which poses challenges [4], waste rock [5], and others [6], which inevitably pile onto the surface and cause serious destruction to nearby natural environment [7]. In response to large amounts of surface waste storage [8], researchers and field workers jointly study the use of the cementitious paste/tailings backfill (CPB/CTB; [9][10][11]) method to further treat underground mining extraction areas [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene Fiber Effect on Flexural Strength, Toughness, Deflection, Failure Mode and Microanalysis of Cementitious Backfills under Three-Point Bending Conditions

Zhao,

Cao,

Yilmaz

2023

Minerals

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Cemented tailings backfill (CTB) is continually practiced in a large number of metallic mines for re-filling underground ore extraction areas. Re-filling these areas can boost the security of mining teams during construction. Hence, CTB’s durability/ductility is extremely vital to ensure the safety of the entire mine. In this study, layered-fiber-reinforced CTB (LFR-CTB) was manufactured using polypropylene fiber (PPF) to increase the strength and flexibility of backfilling. The strength and bending features of CTB and LFR-CTB specimens were explored through a three-point bending test and SEM microanalysis. Test findings pointed out that the flexural strength of 14-day-cured CTB specimens without fiber delamination and with cement showed that a tailings ratio of 1:4 was the largest among others. Residual flexural strength of LFR-CTB was greater than those of CTB without fiber delamination. Accumulating fiber delamination effectively improved CTB’s flexural features. CTBs without fiber delamination presented the largest average flexural modulus values. LFR-CTBs presented greater average toughness index values than ordinary CTB specimens. Adding fiber facilitated the progress of CTB’s post-peak rigidity. LFR-CTBs containing high-fiber delamination dimensional height have excellent bending properties. The damage mode of all backfill specimens is chiefly tensile damage. The overall bonding of LFR-CTB specimens in the presence of interlayer interfaces is outstanding, not affecting their bending performance. Ettringite and CSH gels were found to be key hydration materials. The addition of fiber to the filling has an inhibitory impact on the extension of the cracks occurring within specimens. Finally, this study’s key consequence is to deliver a technical guideline and reference in order to reveal LFR-CTB’s enhancement and delamination mechanism for industrial applications.

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