Progress in 50 years of viroid research—Molecular structure, pathogenicity, and host adaptation

Shimmen, Teruo

doi:10.2183/pjab.97.020

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…It is interesting to note that one of these hypo-accumulating regions, the terminal left (TL), contains the terminal conserved hairpin (TCH), a highly conserved region in the HSVd sequence [64] and that besides Hostuviroid is also present in Cocaviroid and Coleviroid genera. In the Pospiviroid genus, this region harbors the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II binding region and the transcription initiation site [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiomic analisys reveals that viroid infection induces a temporal reprograming of plant-defence mechanisms at multiple regulatory levels

Marquez‐Molins

Villalba-Bermell

Corell-Sierra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Constricted by an extreme biological simplicity, viroids are compelled to subvert host regulatory networks in order to accomplish their infectious process. Most of the studies focused on the response to viroid infection have only addressed a specific host regulatory level and considered a unique infection time. Thus, much remains to be done if we want to understand the temporal evolution and complex nature of viroid-host interactions. Here we present an integrative analysis of the timing and intensity of the genome-wide alterations in cucumber plants infected with Hop stunt viroid (HSVd). Differential host transcriptome, sRNAnome and methylome were integrated to determine the temporal response to viroid-infection. Our results support that HSVd promotes a dynamic redesign of the cucumber regulatory pathways predominantly affecting specific regulatory layers at different infection phases. Remarkably, the initial response was characterized by a reconfiguration of the host transcriptome by differential exon usage, followed by a predominant down-regulation of the transcriptional activity possibly modulated by the host epigenetic changes associated to infection and characterized by an increased hypermethylation. The silencing of at least three cucumber transcripts potential targets of vd-sRNAs was also observed. The alteration in host sRNA and miRNA metabolism was marginal. We expect that these data constituting the first comprehensive map of the cucumber-response to HSVd could contribute to elucidate the molecular basis of the host alterations triggered by viroid infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiomic analisys reveals that viroid infection induces a temporal reprograming of plant-defence mechanisms at multiple regulatory levels

Marquez‐Molins

Villalba-Bermell

Corell-Sierra

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…It can cause various types of damages such as bark scaling and cracking, bumps, severe stunting, low fruit-bearing and dwarfism of trees [4]. CEVd belongs to the Pospiviroidae family and Pospiviroid genus, represented by a 50 µm long ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule comprising between 370 and 375 nucleotides depending on the strain [5]. Viroids are naked RNA-based infectious molecules that are single-stranded and covalently closed circular [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Real Time PCR for the Prevalence Determination of Citrus Exocortis Viroid (CEVd) in Algeria

Ferran

Belkahla

Bouras

et al. 2023

Advanced Research in Life Sciences

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Citrus exocortis is a grafting disease caused by Citrus Exocortis Viroid (CEVd). The knowledge of the viroid’s incidence and distribution are necessary to further apply control measures. The objective of this work was to apply the real time PCR assay for the detection of CEVd in samples collected from symptomatic CEVd-infected plants in Mitidja (North Algeria). The assay showed an excellent diagnostic specificity where 38 out of 50 samples showed a positive reaction for CEVd, which revealed the presence of CEVd in citrus orchards with a prevalence of 76%. Consequently, this work offers a quick alternative to conventional methods for the early diagnosis and the prevalence assessment of CEVd.

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“…To date, more than 25 plant diseases in more than 15 crops, including vegetables, fruit trees, and flowers, have been reported for viroids represented by small, circular, non-coding pathogenic RNAs, ranging from 246 to 434 nucleotides [1]. Viroid-host interactions induce more or less pronounced symptoms of disease; in some cases, latent infections without morphological symptoms were observed (for reviews, see e.g., [1][2][3]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Pathomorphogenic” Changes Caused by Citrus Bark Cracking Viroid and Transcription Factor TFIIIA-7ZF Variants Support Viroid Propagation in Tobacco

Matoušek

Wüsthoff

Steger

2023

IJMS

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Viroids are small, non-coding, pathogenic RNAs with the ability to disturb plant developmental processes. This dysregulation redirects the morphogenesis of plant organs, significantly impairing their functionality. Citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd) causes detrimental developmental distortions in infected hops (Humulus lupulus) and causes significant economic losses. CBCVd can infect cells and tissues of the model plant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), provided it is delivered via transgenesis. The levels of CBCVd in tobacco were enhanced in plant hybrids expressing CBCVd cDNAs and either the tobacco or hop variant of TFIIIA-7ZF, a viroid-mediated splicing derivative of transcription factor IIIA, which is important for viroid replication by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II. The TFIIIA-7ZF variants can change the tobacco morphogenesis if expressed in leaves and shoots. In addition to the splitting of shoots, the “pathomorphogenic” network in hybrid plants expressing CBCVd and HlTFIIIA-7ZF induced leaf fusions and malformations. Moreover, CBCVd can dramatically change another morphogenesis into teratomic and petal-like tissues if propagated above some limit in young transgenic tobacco microspores and anthers. By comparative RNA profiling of transgenic tobacco shoots bearing TFIIIA-7ZFs and CBCVd-transformed/infected anthers, we found a differential expression of many genes at p < 0.05. As the main common factor showing the differential up-regulation in shoot and anther tissues, a LITTLE ZIPPER 2-like transcription factor was found. We propose that this factor, which can interact as a competitive inhibitor of the also dysregulated homeobox-leucin zipper family protein (HD-ZIPIII) in apical meristem, is essential for a network responsible for some morphological changes and modifications of plant degradome within shoot meristem regulation and secondary xylem differentiation.

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Progress in 50 years of viroid research—Molecular structure, pathogenicity, and host adaptation

Cited by 14 publications

References 202 publications

Multiomic analisys reveals that viroid infection induces a temporal reprograming of plant-defence mechanisms at multiple regulatory levels

Multiomic analisys reveals that viroid infection induces a temporal reprograming of plant-defence mechanisms at multiple regulatory levels

Application of Real Time PCR for the Prevalence Determination of Citrus Exocortis Viroid (CEVd) in Algeria

“Pathomorphogenic” Changes Caused by Citrus Bark Cracking Viroid and Transcription Factor TFIIIA-7ZF Variants Support Viroid Propagation in Tobacco

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