Progress in breast cancer chemoprevention.

Arun, Banu K.; Hortobágyi, Gabriel N.

doi:10.1677/erc.0.0090015

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Some mechanistic studies suggest that non-aspirin NSAIDs have greater effects on COX2 inhibition than aspirin [17,18]. Since carcinogenesis is believed to be a multi-step process (initiation, promotion, and progression), and diagnosis is an arbitrary time point along this continuum [19], use of NSAIDs may be associated with cancer progression, as well as cancer development. COX2 overexpression was detected in human breast carcinomas [20,21] and linked to markers of angiogenesis and apoptosis [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NSAIDs and breast cancer recurrence in a prospective cohort study

Kwan

Habel

Slattery

et al. 2007

Cancer Causes Control

100

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NSAIDs and breast cancer recurrence in a prospective cohort study

Kwan

Habel

Slattery

et al. 2007

Cancer Causes Control

100

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“…© 2007 American Association for Cancer clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from instead, the aim of short-term prevention trials is to evaluate tissue surrogate end point biomarkers and the effect of potential preventive agents on such biomarkers over time (8). Besides, being used to monitor response to a preventive intervention, biological markers can also be useful in breast cancer risk assessment and ideally should be associated with subsequent breast cancer development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ductal Lavage and Random Periareolar Fine Needle Aspiration as Tissue Acquisition Methods in Early Breast Cancer Prevention Trials

Arun

Valero

Logan

et al. 2007

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Short-term phase I and phase II breast cancer prevention trials require tissue acquisition at baseline and after intervention to evaluate modulation of potential biomarkers. Currently used tissue acquisition methods include ductal lavage (DL), random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA), and core needle biopsy. The optimum method to retrieve adequate samples and the most accepted method by study participants is not known. Experimental Design: We compared RPFNA and DL as breast tissue acquisition methods for short-term breast cancer prevention trials by evaluating sample adequacy and tolerability in subjects who participated in two prospective phase II breast cancer prevention trials. Eighty-six women at increased risk for breast cancer were included in this study and underwent baseline DL and RPFNA. High risk was defined as having a 5-year Gail score of >1.67% or a history of atypical hyperplasia (AH), lobular carcinoma, or breast cancer. Results: Median age was 54.5 years (range, 39-75 years); 75% of the women were postmenopausal. About 51% of the women yielded nipple aspiration fluid, and breast fluid samples via DL were retrieved in 73% of these subjects. Of these samples, 71% were adequate samples (greater than 10 epithelial cells). However, when the entire cohort was considered, only 31% of the subjects had adequate samples. RPFNA was also attempted in all subjects, and sample retrieval rate was 100%. Out of these, 96% of the subjects had adequate samples. In DL samples, AH rate was 3.7% was and hyperplasia (H) rate was 11.1%. In RPFNA samples, AH rate was 12.9%, and H rate was 24.7%. Cytology findings in RPFNA samples correlated with age, menopausal status, and breast cancer risk category (previous history of lobular carcinoma in situ). Both procedures were well tolerated, and no complications occurred among participants. Conclusions: Considering that the main end point for short-term prevention trials is the modulation of biomarkers, it is important to optimize adequate sample acquisition; therefore, RPFNA is a more practical option for future phase I and II breast cancer prevention trials compared with DL.

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“…Additional prospective studies support this association between higher serum levels of estrogen and increased breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women [52–54]. Furthermore, the fact that the most widely acknowledged risk factors for sporadic breast cancer (including age, early menarche [55,56], older age of menopause [56,57], nulliparity [56], older age at first live birth [56–59] and postmenopausal obesity [7]) are believed to reflect cumulative exposure of breast epithelium to estrogen over time is in agreement with these epidemiologic observations [51,60].…”

Section: Identification Of Risk Factors For Cancer Prevention In Postmentioning

confidence: 71%

Preventive Oncology in the Postmenopausal Woman

Huber

Ott

Tempfer

2007

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Breast cancer and endometrial cancer are the most common gynecologic malignancies of the postmenopausal period. As preventive medicine becomes the focus of interest, preventive oncology with special regard to these diseases will undoubtedly become a substantial part of the practicing oncologist's field of duties. The aim of this review is to summarize recommendations dealing with the risk assessment and prevention of breast and endometrial cancer. Obesity, the level of exercise and dietary factors are associated with breast cancer. The selective estrogen receptor modulators tamoxifen and raloxifen have both been shown to decrease the risk to the same extent. Patients at particularly high risk are being detected through the use of the Gail model, a well-known statistical model of risk. Other factors, such as breast density, the serum level of endogenous estrogen and the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms, have to be taken into consideration.

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Progress in breast cancer chemoprevention.

Cited by 18 publications

References 176 publications

NSAIDs and breast cancer recurrence in a prospective cohort study

NSAIDs and breast cancer recurrence in a prospective cohort study

Comparison of Ductal Lavage and Random Periareolar Fine Needle Aspiration as Tissue Acquisition Methods in Early Breast Cancer Prevention Trials

Preventive Oncology in the Postmenopausal Woman

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