Progress in Electrochemically Empowered C−O Bond Formation: Unveiling the Pathway of Efficient Green Synthesis

Abstract

(C‐X) bonds (X= C, N, O) are the main backbone for making different skeleton in the organic synthetic transformations. Among all the sustainable techniques, electro‐organic synthesis for C‐X bond formation is the advanced tool as it offers a greener and more cost‐effective approach to chemical reactions by utilizing electrons as reagents. In this review, we want to explore the recent advancements in electrochemical C‐O bond formation. The electrochemically driven C‐O bond formation represents an emerging and exciting area of research. In this context, electrochemical techniques offers numerous advantages, including higher yields, cost‐efficient production, and simplified work‐up procedures. This method enables the continuous and consistent formation of C‐O bonds in molecules, significantly enhancing overall reaction yields. Furthermore, both intramolecular and intermolecular C‐O bond forming reaction provided valuable products of O‐containing acyclic/cyclic analogue. Hence, carbonyl (C=O), ether (‐O‐), and ester (–COOR) functionalization in both cyclic/acyclic analogues have been prepared continuously via this innovative pathway. In this context, we want to discuss one‐decade electrochemical synthetic pathways of various C‐O bond contains functional group in chronological manner. This review focused on all the synthetic aspects including mechanistic path and has also mentioned overall critical finding regarding the C‐O bond formation via electrochemical pathways.