Progress in neurosurgery: Contributions of women neurosurgeons in the Middle East

Habibi, Zohreh; Hadi, Nada Ayedh; Kim, Eliana; Alkhataybeh, Redab; Sbeih, Aseel; Abou-Hamden, Amal; Abdulsalam, Hissah K. Al; Shehhi, Noora Al; Al-Azzani, Roqia; Garozzo, Debora; Hasan, Alya; Namer, Thana; Quadamkhear, Hama; Zabihyan, Samira; Nejat, Farideh; Rosseau, Gail

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2021.01.055

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Neurosurgical workforce data were obtained for 210 nations through 42 included sources ( Supplemental Digital Content 2, Supplemental Table 1 , http://links.lww.com/NEU/E46). 1,17,18,22-61 A world map denoting total neurosurgeons per capita is shown in Figure 1. The color scale denotes countries in green if they have at least 1 neurosurgeon per 200 000 population as this has been described as the minimum requirement for essential neurosurgical workforce to address neurotrauma in low- and middle-income countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Neurosurgeons Worldwide: Characterizing the Global Female Neurosurgical Workforce

Vaca,

Theologitis,

Zygourakis

2023

Neurosurgery

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: As the global neurosurgical workforce expands, so do the contributions of women neurosurgeons. Recent studies highlighted pioneering women leaders in neurosurgery and provided invaluable perspectives into the proportion of women neurosurgeons in regions across the world. To provide a broad perspective of global trends, this study aims to characterize the global female neurosurgical workforce and evaluate its association with countries' economic status, broader physician workforce, and global gender gap index (GGGI). METHODS: A literature search included studies dated 2016–2023 characterizing the neurosurgical workforce. Total neurosurgeons, neurosurgeons per capita, and percent of women neurosurgeons by country were collected or calculated from available data. Countries were stratified by World Health Organization (WHO) region, World Bank economic classification, WHO physician workforce, and GGGI. Poisson regressions and Spearman correlation tests were performed to evaluate the association between each country's percent of women neurosurgeons and their economic classification, WHO physician workforce, and GGGI. RESULTS: Neurosurgical workforce data were obtained for 210 nations; world maps were created demonstrating neurosurgeons per capita and proportion of women neurosurgeons. Africa had the fewest neurosurgeons (1296) yet highest percentage of women neurosurgeons (15%). A total of 94 of 210 (45%) countries met the minimum requirement of neurosurgeons needed to address neurotrauma. Compared with low-income countries, upper-middle–income and high-income countries had 27.5 times greater the rate of neurosurgeons per capita but only 1.02 and 2.57 times greater percentage of women neurosurgeons, respectively (P < .001). There was a statistically significant association between GGI and women neurosurgeons (P < .001) and a weak correlation between proportion of women in physician workforce and women neurosurgeons (P = .019, rho = 0.33). CONCLUSION: Much progress has been made in expanding the neurosurgical workforce and the proportion of women within it, but disparities remain. As we address the global neurosurgeon deficit, improving recruitment and retention of women neurosurgeons through mentorship, collaboration, and structural support is essential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Neurosurgeons Worldwide: Characterizing the Global Female Neurosurgical Workforce

Vaca,

Theologitis,

Zygourakis

2023

Neurosurgery

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“…erefore, the rate of misdiagnoses of aSAH in HICs appears to be decreasing. [5] In Iraq, neurosurgeon numbers compared to the population ratio are 1/195,240, [4] while in the USA, it is 1:61,000 which has a great impact on patient care due to the shortages of neurosurgeons. [7] Consequently, internal medicine specialists may manage some patients conservatively due to the scarcity of neurosurgeons.…”

Section: Surgical Neurology Internationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delays and misdiagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: The impact of socioeconomic barriers

Ramírez-Castillo,

Alaraji,

Llinás

et al. 2024

Surgical Neurology International

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“…Another important aspect should also be taken into consideration by training Arab neurosurgeons, namely the opening of their departments a little more to young female neurosurgeons to train in NS. 40,41 Moroccan Contribution to the Evolution of Neurosurgery in the Arab World:…”

Section: Current State Of Neurosurgery In the Arab Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Neurosurgery in the Arab World and Moroccan contribution

Khamlichi

2022

Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery

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BACKGROUND:Both the contribution of the Arab World in the history of neurosurgery (NS) and its recent development are not known to neurosurgeons worldwide. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS:The aim is to give the reader an overview of the history of NS in the Arab World, its development over the last decades and the Moroccan contribution to this development. RESULTS:The first scientific roots for the practice of NS were born in the Middle East. Trephination, has been practiced for thousands of years before Christ (B. C.), by Assyrians, Babylonians and Pharaohs' physicians. The oldest medical manuscripts are the Cuneiform Medical Tablets found in Mesopotamia, and Edwin Smith's Surgical Papyrus in Egypt. These first steps would become confirmed during the Middle Ages through the influence of Arab and Islamic civilization. Modern NS was introduced into the Arab World by general surgeons of the colonial medical diaspora during the first half of the last century. Thanks to the effort of the pioneers, the number of neurosurgeons would increase over a limited period of time to reach an honorable number and ratio of 3313 and 1: 128530, respectively). Today, all Arab neurosurgeons have a national society of neurosurgery and are gathered in the Pan Arab Neurosurgical Society (PANS) which publish an official journal, the Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery (PAJN). The Moroccan Society of NS have made a significant contribution in the recent evolution of Arab NS and its international recognition when organizing the first World Congress of Neurosurgery (Marrakech, 2005) and initiating the first regional training program for young neurosurgeons in 2002. CONCLUSION:The neurosurgeons from the Arab world should be proud of their immense contribution to the history of medicine and NS. Even though the introduction of modern NS has been delayed in the majority of Arab countries, the devotion and sacrifice of the pioneers have enabled them to make for the lost time over a short period of time. This has enabled Arab neurosurgeons to meet the needs of the population in their respective countries.

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Progress in neurosurgery: Contributions of women neurosurgeons in the Middle East

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Women Neurosurgeons Worldwide: Characterizing the Global Female Neurosurgical Workforce

Women Neurosurgeons Worldwide: Characterizing the Global Female Neurosurgical Workforce

Delays and misdiagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: The impact of socioeconomic barriers

Evolution of Neurosurgery in the Arab World and Moroccan contribution

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