Progress in solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power systems: System design and analysis, transient operation, controls and optimization

Azizi, Mohammad Ali; Brouwer, Jacob

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.098

Cited by 165 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 256 publications

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“…In addition, a higher overpotential is obtained due to the slow kinetics of the CO/CO 2 electrochemical reaction, but the experimental results show that the I‐V curves for pure H 2 O and syngas with low H 2 O and high CO 2 are almost identical. These results indicate that the WGS reaction is the preferred pathway for CO/CO 2 consumption in co‐redox reactions in SOFCs and SOECs . Hauck et al compared simulation results with experimental data and concluded that the best fit is obtained when CO/CO 2 is only considered in the WGS reaction when syngas is provided to an rSOFC.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicate that the WGS reaction is the preferred pathway for CO/CO 2 consumption in co-redox reactions in SOFCs and SOECs. [48][49][50][51] Hauck et al 31 compared simulation results with experimental data and concluded that the best fit is obtained when CO/CO 2 is only considered in the WGS reaction when syngas is provided to an rSOFC. Similar conclusions are cited in previous studies.…”

Section: Electrochemical Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD modeling and performance comparison of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell fueled with syngas

et al. 2018

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Summary Reversible solid oxide fuel cells (rSOFCs) may be applied to store and generate electrical energy in a reversible mode. This technique is promising to balance the conflict between intermittent power supply and demand in a sustainable way. One of the limitations of the development of rSOFCs is the high cost of storage and usage of pure H2, which may be solved by employing syngas as the fuel. The performance of rSOFCs depends on the development of bifunctional materials, cell design, and operation optimization, which are often investigated and predicted by the cost‐effective approach of mathematical modeling. However, the modeling of dual‐mode rSOFCs involving co‐redox reactions with syngas is not well developed. In this study, a two‐dimensional (2D) single‐channel model of an rSOFC is developed. The novelty of this model is that the multiphysics transport processes are fully coupled and solved with the reversible water‐gas shift reaction with syngas and the electrochemical reactions. The effects of the operating conditions and design parameters (eg, electrode thickness) are considered, with the aim of providing guidelines to optimize the design and operation of reversible cells. It is concluded that the thickness of the electrode has a larger impact on the water‐gas shift reaction than on the electrochemical reaction in both the gas diffusion and reaction regions. The C/H element ratio of syngas has a negative correlation with power output, but the distributions of current and gas species may be improved in both modes. A higher operating temperature improves the performance in both modes but has a more substantial effect in the electrolysis mode. The specific design and operating schemes favored in different modes should be balanced in the reversible mode.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD modeling and performance comparison of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell fueled with syngas

et al. 2018

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“…In terms of gas turbines, waste heat is recuperated to improve overall thermal efficiency, or used to produce industrial materials, due to its considerable heat and high temperature. Traditionally, approaches including combined cycles (CCs) [1,2] or organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) [3][4][5], steam injection gas turbines (STIGs) [6,7], fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid cycles (FC-GTs) [8][9][10], and air/fuel preheaters [11,12] are used to recuperate the waste heat of gas turbines. The most common industrial materials include steam [13] and distilled water [14,15], and these materials can be exported for industry production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Design and Performance Calculation of the Thermochemical Reformers

Pan

Cheng

et al. 2019

Energies

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Thermodynamic design methods and performance calculation models for chemical reformers that can be used to recuperate exhaust heat and to improve combustion quality are investigated in this paper. The basic structure of the chemical reformer is defined as series-wound reforming units that consist of heat exchangers and cracking reactors. The CH4-steam reforming reaction is used in the chemical reformers and a universal model of this reaction is built based on the minimization of Gibbs free energy method. Comparative analyzes between the results of the calculation and a plasma-catalyzed CH4-steam reforming reaction experiment verify that this universal model is applicable and has high precision. Algorithms for simulation of series-wound reforming units are constructed and the complexity of the chemical reformers is studied. A design principle that shows the influence of structural complexity on the quantity of recovered heat and the composites of the reformed fuel can be followed for different application scenarios of chemical reformers.

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“…The results showed that the output power at higher inlet temperaturs is greater than the output power at lower inlet temperatures [16,17]. Currently, SOFCs are the highest-temperature fuel cells and can be efficiently operated at temperatures from 800 to 1100 • C. Many theoretical studies have mentioned SOFC systems and SOFCs combined with gas turbine (SOFC-GT) power cycles [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Six-Cell Two-Dimensional Configuration Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Based on Planar 6 × 6 cm Anode-Supported Cells

Nguyen

2019

Energies

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Using energy efficiently and reducing environmental pollution caused by energy consumption are becoming increasingly important. In this study, a two-dimensional (2D) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack configuration was designed to be operated with six cells. This design could potentially be applied in thermal power plants in developing countries where waste heat is more plentiful; the 2D configuration six-cell stack could be an elementary module, and such modules could be more easily placed in contact with hot walls where waste heat recovery is required. In this report, the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of the stack are described. The stack, with six 6 × 6 cm2 cells (5 × 5 cm2 effective area), is connected in series and operates successfully. The results show that the maximum potential of the six-cell stack is around 5.5 V (0.92 V per unit cell) at 700 °C. The maximum output power of the stack is 6.0 W at 700 °C, with humidified hydrogen (with 3% H2O) as the fuel. The results show that the six-cell 2D configuration SOFC stack can be innovatively constructed.

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Progress in solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power systems: System design and analysis, transient operation, controls and optimization

Cited by 165 publications

References 256 publications

CFD modeling and performance comparison of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell fueled with syngas

CFD modeling and performance comparison of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell fueled with syngas

Thermodynamic Design and Performance Calculation of the Thermochemical Reformers

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Six-Cell Two-Dimensional Configuration Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Based on Planar 6 × 6 cm Anode-Supported Cells

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