Progress in Spray Coated Perovskite Films for Solar Cell Applications

Abstract

Spray coating is an emerging technique that can be used to produce large‐area functional films on various kinds of substrates. It is increasingly recognized as a state‐of‐the‐art method for fabricating perovskite films for large‐area, high throughput, and low‐cost perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules. Herein, the merits of spray coating and an overview on its application in recent practice are presented. Owing to the key importance of the photoabsorbing perovskite film in PSCs, how one‐ and two‐step spray coating strategies can significantly impact the film quality and overall photovoltaic performance are also discussed. The summary of the recent progress in spray coated PSCs reviewed herein will hopefully serve as a useful guide to the application of this relatively new technique for creating next‐generation perovskite‐based photovoltaics.

Mode-tunable, micro/nanoscale electrohydrodynamic deposition techniques for optoelectronic device fabrication

“…The research into the EHD deposition of optoelectronics has just begun, and there is still a large gap in device performance compared with other technologies. For example, the device efficiency of EHD-deposited solar cells or light-emitting diodes is far behind that fabricated by conventional processes like spin coating or vacuum evaporation (<18% 160 vs. >29% 161 for solar cells, and <5% 11,127 vs. >25% 140 for light-emitting devices). It is important to optimize ink properties, substrate wettability and the deposition environment to regulate the structural morphologies and device performance.…”

Recent Progress in Large-Area Perovskite Photovoltaic Modules

“…However, the misted droplets for spray coating are uncontrollably deposited on the substrate, while this process is precisely set for inkjet printing. According to the differences in atomization mechanisms, spray coating can be mainly divided into three categories: pneumatic spray coating, ultrasonic spray coating, and electrospray coating [133]. For pneumatic spray coating, compressed gas, such as air, N 2 , or Ar, is used to atomize and disperse the precursor ink to form aerosol [134].…”

“…Furthermore, this process can realize a wide and continuous adjusting of droplet dimensions from the nanoscale to the microscale, as shown in Fig. 6d [133,136,138]. The generated ultrafine ink mists are attracted to the target substrate surface that is fixed on a grounded stage.…”

Argon-Assisted Spray-Coating Induced Efficient and Stable MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted special attention due to their outstanding capabilities of high light absorption, low binding energy, and longer diffusion length. , Although the efficiency of PSCs has reached up to 25.7%, poor stability − and scalability still hinder the practical development of PSCs. Spin-coating is the most common method in the laboratory, but it is challenging to realize scalable fabrication.…”