Progress in the Generic Delimitation of Parmelia Sensu Lato Lichens (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae) and a Synoptic Key to the Parmeliaceae

Elix, John A.

doi:10.2307/3243867

Cited by 137 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this species the upper cortex is lacunar, showing a large quantity of small intercellular spaces or lacunae. The cortical cells are more or less vertically arranged and present elongate lumina in vertical sections, agreeing with Hale (1981) and Elix (1993) who consider this type of cortex as a palisade plectenchyma. However none of them observed the cavities shown here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The definitions found in literature for different types of lichens tissues are not congruent (Ozenda 1963, Hale 1976, Elix 1993, Hawksworth et al 1995 showing the necessity for detailed anatomical studies as this study has shown. In this particular point, Ozenda (1963) stated that both upper and lower cortices are prosoplectenchymatous with thin-walled cells in Parmeliaceae, while Hale (1976) asserted that cortical layers in Parmeliaceae are a pachydermatous paraplectenchyma.…”

Section: Thalli Ofmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Thallus anatomy of Canoparmelia texana (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

Barbosa¹,

Machado²,

Marcelli³

2010

Biota Neotrop.

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Conventional techniques for structural studies under light microscope and scanning electron microscope were employed to describe the histology of thallus in Canoparmelia texana, a lichen with wide distribution in open environments and fairly common in the cerrados and urban areas of Brazil. This study describes a new type of cortical organization for the family Parmeliaceae, in C. texana the upper cortex is lacunar, showing a large quantity of small intercellular spaces or lacunae. The anatomical features including medulla thickness, hyphal orientation pattern, rhizines thickness and crystals inclusions have an important adaptive role for the success of C. texana in Brazilian cerrado, a savanna-like ecosystem. Resumo: Técnicas convencionais para estudos anatômicos em microscopia de luz e microscopia eletrônica de varredura foram utilizadas para descrever a histologia do talo de Canoparmelia texana, um líquen com ampla distribuição em ambientes abertos e bastante comum nos cerrados e em áreas urbanas no Brasil. Este estudo descreve um novo tipo de organização cortical para Parmeliaceae. Em C. texana o córtex superior é lacunar mostrando uma grande quantidade de pequenos espaços intracelulares. As características anatômicas incluindo a espessura da medula, o padrão de orientação das hifas, espessura das rizinas e inclusões de cristais aparentemente possuem um importante papel adaptativo para o sucesso de C. texana nos cerrados brasileiros. Palavras-chave: anatomia, cristais, córtex superior lacunoso, Parmeliaceae.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Thalli Ofmentioning

confidence: 73%

Thallus anatomy of Canoparmelia texana (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

Barbosa¹,

Machado²,

Marcelli³

2010

Biota Neotrop.

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“…It is mainly constituted by Parmeliaceae, a family with more than 60 genera and approximate 1000 species (Elix 1994 (Crespo & Cubero 1998), with the major centres of distribution in South America and Africa (Elix 1993). It is characterised by effigurate maculate upper surface and dimorphous rhizines, that are absent in the closely related genera Parmotrema and Rimelia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is characterised by effigurate maculate upper surface and dimorphous rhizines, that are absent in the closely related genera Parmotrema and Rimelia. Parmotrema is a genus characterised by large thalli with broad lobes, commonly with a broad erhizinate marginal zone on the lower surface and the upper surface usually emaculate or if maculatae, the maculae neither effigurate nor reticulate (Elix 1993). It is best developed in tropical regions where over 300 species are known (Elix 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genera Canomaculina and Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, Lichenized Ascomycota) in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil

Eliasaro

Donha

2003

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…Organisms of these species have a grey upper surface, punctiform pseudocyphellae, produce unciform to fi liform conidia, giroforic and lecanoric acids as medullary substances, and have Africa and South America as their centers of speciation (Elix 1993;Crespo et al 2004). Th e identifi cation of Punctelia species is based mainly on the shape, location, abundance, and size of pseudocyphellae (Canêz 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudocyphellae ontogeny and thallus anatomy in species of Punctelia Krog (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

et al. 2017

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Th e genus Punctelia has been traditionally characterized by the type and distribution of pseudocyphellae, medullary chemical substances and the shape of conidia, whereas its species have been distinguished using mainly the shape, location, abundance and size of pseudocyphellae. Given that Punctelia is not monophyletic, additional studies are needed to determine its current delimitation. Th e present study used conventional techniques for structural studies using optical and scanning electron microscopy in order to describe and compare the structure and ontogeny of the pseudocyphellae of fi ve species of Punctelia. Th e main diff erences among the studied species involve the type of pseudocyphellae development, the presence or absence of an epicortex cover and the organization and structure of the upper cortex. In one group of species the pseudocyphellae are formed from the outside to the inside of the thallus; in the other group, pseudocyphellae formation begins with the organization of medullary hyphae into circular groups in specifi c places. Th e present study contributes to the understanding of the structure and ontogeny of pseudocyphellae.

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Progress in the Generic Delimitation of Parmelia Sensu Lato Lichens (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae) and a Synoptic Key to the Parmeliaceae

Cited by 137 publications

References 29 publications

Thallus anatomy of Canoparmelia texana (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

Thallus anatomy of Canoparmelia texana (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

The genera Canomaculina and Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, Lichenized Ascomycota) in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil

Pseudocyphellae ontogeny and thallus anatomy in species of Punctelia Krog (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

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