Progress in Understanding the Sources, Deposition and Above-ground Fate of Trichloroacetic Acid (11 pp)

Cape, J. N.; Forczek, Sándor T.; Gullner, Gábor; Mena-Benitez, Gilda L.; Schröder, Peter; Matucha, M.

doi:10.1065/espr2005.12.286

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Based on the results published by Frank et al (1990) in combination with our results in this paper, it seems as though using the thermal decarboxylation method for needle and rain water samples will only result in minor (up to $25%) overestimations of TCAA concentration (Table 1). A recently published statement ''It is unlikely that chloroform precursors (except TCA) are present in conifer needles, so the decarboxylation method might be the method of choice for analysis of vegetation'' 39 should, with the present knowledge, be considered critically, however. Using the method for throughfall samples might lead to similar overestimation, while there is a risk that using thermal decarboxylation for soil samples might determine trichloroacetyl containing compounds, only.…”

Section: Relevance Of Trichloroacetyl-chcl 3 To the Interpretation Of...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Methodological problems in determining TCAA in soils—the discovery of novel natural trichloroacetyl containing compounds and their interference with a common method for determining TCAA in soil and vegetation

2010

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Trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) is a pollutant with several sources and is also formed naturally in soil. We show that almost all investigated environmental compartments (soil, soil water, groundwater, spruce needles and throughfall, but not rain) contain compounds, which make false positives in the thermal decarboxylation method often used for determination of TCAA in environmental samples. The compounds are dominating quantitatively over TCAA in soil, soil water and groundwater, while TCAA is dominating in needle and throughfall samples. The compounds behave differently from TCAA with regard to the velocity and the pH-dependence of the chloroform release. We did not manage to reveal the whole chemical structure of the compounds, but a trichloroacetyl group seems to be the only plausible structure giving rise to CHCl(3) both upon heating and under alkaline conditions. Besides the trichloroacetyl group, the compounds did in general contain a carboxylic acid group, although in needle and throughfall samples, trichloroacetyl compounds with a neutral charge at pH 7.5 seemed to co-exist with the carboxylic acids. Trichloroacetyl groups in humic substances and possibly other macromolecular structures contribute to the major portion of the total trichloroacetyl-CHCl(3) in topsoil, but smaller molecules with less UV-VIS absorption seem to constitute the major part of trichloroacetyl-CHCl(3) in soil water and groundwater. The trichloroacetyl containing compounds are most likely naturally occurring compounds formed in the natural chlorination processes in soil, but additional studies are needed to substantiate this hypothesis.

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Section: Relevance Of Trichloroacetyl-chcl 3 To the Interpretation Of...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Methodological problems in determining TCAA in soils—the discovery of novel natural trichloroacetyl containing compounds and their interference with a common method for determining TCAA in soil and vegetation

2010

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“…in concentrations about three orders of magnitude less than the total Cl org concentrations. Chloroacetic acids (CCAs) have been detected in rain (Frank 1991 ; Reimann et al 1996 ), but the origin is under debate (Berg et al 2000 ; Cape et al 2006 ; Laturnus et al 2005 ). In addition, a study conducted at Klosterhede in northwest Denmark suggests that Cl org in throughfall mainly originates from plant internal sources rather than from dry deposition (and thus external) sources (Öberg et al 1998 ).…”

Section: In Terrestrial Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Svensson

Kylin

Montelius

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Chlorine (Cl) in the terrestrial environment is of interest from multiple perspectives, including the use of chloride as a tracer for water flow and contaminant transport, organochlorine pollutants, Cl cycling, radioactive waste (radioecology; 36Cl is of large concern) and plant science (Cl as essential element for living plants). During the past decades, there has been a rapid development towards improved understanding of the terrestrial Cl cycle. There is a ubiquitous and extensive natural chlorination of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems where naturally formed chlorinated organic compounds (Clorg) in soil frequently exceed the abundance of chloride. Chloride dominates import and export from terrestrial ecosystems while soil Clorg and biomass Cl can dominate the standing stock Cl. This has important implications for Cl transport, as chloride will enter the Cl pools resulting in prolonged residence times. Clearly, these pools must be considered separately in future monitoring programs addressing Cl cycling. Moreover, there are indications that (1) large amounts of Cl can accumulate in biomass, in some cases representing the main Cl pool; (2) emissions of volatile organic chlorines could be a significant export pathway of Cl and (3) that there is a production of Clorg in tissues of, e.g. plants and animals and that Cl can accumulate as, e.g. chlorinated fatty acids in organisms. Yet, data focusing on ecosystem perspectives and combined spatiotemporal variability regarding various Cl pools are still scarce, and the processes and ecological roles of the extensive biological Cl cycling are still poorly understood.

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“…In addition to water chlorination, TCA may be introduced into aquatic environment via other anthropogenic activities, such as industrial laundry work 13 , agricultural routines (e.g. pesticides and herbicides spraying 14 ) and usage of peeling agent especially for tattoos or impaired skin 15 .…”

Section: Haloacetic Acids In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Due to its high solubility in water, it is severely harmful to humans as well as other living creatures with potential carcinogenic (e.g., liver, renal, and intestinal tumors 11 ) and mutagenic effects 12 even at very low concentrations. In addition to water chlorination, TCA may be introduced into the aquatic environment via other anthropogenic activities, such as industrial laundry work, 13 agricultural routines (e.g., pesticides and herbicides spraying 14 ), and usage of peeling agent especially for tattoos or impaired skin. 15 Dibromoacetic acid (DBA, MW 217.84 g/mol, CHBr 2 COOH) is another typical halogenated DBP that exhibits not only carcinogenicity but also more potent reproductive toxicity (e.g., spermatotoxicity) compared with d i c h l o r o a c e t i c a c i d ( D C A , M W 1 28 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Organic Disinfection Byproducts in Water

et al. 2019

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Irreversible organ damage or even death frequently occurs when humans or animals unconsciously drink contaminated water. Therefore, in many countries drinking water is disinfected to ensure harmful pathogens are removed from drinking water. If upstream water treatment prior to disinfection is not adequate, disinfection by-products (DBPs) can be formed. DBPs can exist as wide variety of compounds, but up till now, only several typical compounds have drinking water standards attributed to them. However, it is apparent that the range of DBPs present in water can comprise of hundreds of compounds, some of which are at high enough concentrations that can be toxic or potentially carcinogenic. Hence, it becomes increasingly significant and urgent to develop an accessible, affordable and durable sensing platform for a broader range and more sensitive detection of DBPs. Compared with well-established laboratory detection techniques, electrochemical sensing has been identified as a promising alternative that will provide rapid, affordable and sensitive DBPs monitoring in remote water sources. Therefore, this article provides a review on current state-of-the-art development (within last decade) in electrochemical sensing to detect organic DBPs in water, which covered three major aspects: (1) recognition mechanism, (2) electrodes with signal amplification, and (3) signal read-out techniques. Moreover, comprehensive quality assessments on electrochemical biosensors, including linear detection range, limit of detection (LoD) and recovery, have also been summarized.

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Progress in Understanding the Sources, Deposition and Above-ground Fate of Trichloroacetic Acid (11 pp)

Cited by 15 publications

References 88 publications

Methodological problems in determining TCAA in soils—the discovery of novel natural trichloroacetyl containing compounds and their interference with a common method for determining TCAA in soil and vegetation

Methodological problems in determining TCAA in soils—the discovery of novel natural trichloroacetyl containing compounds and their interference with a common method for determining TCAA in soil and vegetation

Chlorine cycling and the fate of Cl in terrestrial environments

Recent Advances on Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Organic Disinfection Byproducts in Water

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