Progress of Application of Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) in the Synthesis of Star Polymers

Abstract

( a 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 长沙 410014)

Complex Polymer Architectures Using Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Synthesis, Applications, and Practical Considerations

“…In contrast, the arm-first approach involves the synthesis of the arms followed by cross-linking to make the core. Finally, the grafting-onto approach involves the efficient coupling of the arms to a core molecule . All three synthetic approaches can utilize ROMP to achieve star polymer architectures, but arm-first is most commonly used.…”

“…Finally, the grafting-onto approach involves the efficient coupling of the arms to a core molecule. 96 All three synthetic approaches can utilize ROMP to achieve star polymer architectures, but armfirst is most commonly used. When the arms are bottlebrush polymers, the arm-first method can be called the brush-first method, and brush-arm-star polymers (BASPs) form.…”

The synthesis of polymers with ultra‐high molecular weight by combining ROMP and acyclic metathesis reaction

“…1,2 Owing to the development of efficient and highly functional-group tolerant olefin metathesis catalysts, ROMP is widely used in the preparation of polymers with different topologies, such as multi-block linear polymers, 3,4 brush polymers, [5][6][7][8] dendritic polymers, 9,10 and star polymers. 11,12 The prepared polymers have huge application in drug release, sensing, elastomers, photonic crystals, anion exchange membranes, degradable materials, organic and inorganic nanomaterials, and other fields. 13,14 Among those cyclic alkenes, norbornene derivatives are one of the most polpular monomers because of the high activity, easy preparation, and easy functionalization.…”

“…Numerous studies have been done around norbornene derivatives, such as polymerization mechanism, 15,16 the effect of monomer stereochemistry and composition on the ROMP polymerization, [15][16][17][18] the optimization of polymerization conditions, [19][20][21][22][23] the preparation and application of functional polymers based on polynorbornene derivatives. 5,6,[11][12][13][14][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] However, linear polymers with ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) (>10 6 g mol À1 ) were difficulty prepared by ROMP directly owing to the restrictions of monomer stereochemistry, composition, purity, and polymerization conditions. Because the molecular weight has an important impact on the morphology and properties of polymer, 32,33 lots of strategies were took to elevate the molecular weight of polymer prepared by ROMP, such as using frontal ring-opening metathesis polymerization (FROMP), 22 adopting special chelated Initiators, 34 prolonging polymerization time, 35 and cross-linking.…”

“…As one of the most important active polymerization method, ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) can achieve controlled chain growth polymerization of cyclic alkenes, such as cyclopropenes, cyclobutenes, cyclooctenes, norbornene, and so on 1,2 . Owing to the development of efficient and highly functional‐group tolerant olefin metathesis catalysts, ROMP is widely used in the preparation of polymers with different topologies, such as multi‐block linear polymers, 3,4 brush polymers, 5–8 dendritic polymers, 9,10 and star polymers 11,12 . The prepared polymers have huge application in drug release, sensing, elastomers, photonic crystals, anion exchange membranes, degradable materials, organic and inorganic nanomaterials, and other fields 13,14 …”