Progress on 129I analysis and its application in environmental and geological researches

Determination of total I and129I concentrations in freshwater of Argentina

“…Anthropogenic activity has modified the equilibrium of the 129 I cycle by adding a huge and well-defined source of this radioisotope to the surface environment. Since 1945 human activities increased the amount of 129 I by 50-130 kg due to atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and, much more importantly, by about 6,000 kg from releases from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants placed in the Northern Hemisphere [3]. In this way, 129 I concentrations were enhanced several orders of magnitude.…”

“…Due to its known low isotopic ratio ( 129 I/ 127 I = 2·10 -14 ), Woodward iodine was used as carrier. The sample preparation for AMS was done using a method in which oxidized iodine is extracted in chloroform and back-extracted in aqueous solution [3]. Finally iodine was mixed with Ag and pressed into Cu sample holders.…”

Distribution and source of 129 I, 239 ,240 Pu, 137 Cs in the environment of Lithuania

“…[5], [34], [41], [42]. Predominant wind in Lithuania is mostly westwards, meaning that gaseous 129 I re-emitted from the Baltic Sea and North Sea can be transported from the Baltic Sea and deposit to the terrestrial system in Lithuania [36], [43].…”

“…Atmospheric 129 I/ 127 I ratio exceeded 10 -9 in the Northern Hemisphere and due to the releases of nuclear weapons testing, while this value achieved to 10 -6 in European seawater and the North Atlantic seawater due to the discharges of two European reprocessing plants in Sellafield (UK) and La Hague (France) [29]- [31]. Fan et al (2013) [32] reported that the major sources of 129 I, contributing more than 90% to the total inventory of 129 I in the current environment, were European nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. Zhang et al (2013) [33] [35].…”

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ultra-Low-Level 129I in Carrier-Free AgI-AgCl Sputter Targets

“…I is an ideal tracer for environmental processes and geological age dating up to 80 Ma [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. For this purpose, the pre-anthropogenic I ratio in different environmental reservoirs) has to be determined [3,5,6,8].…”