Progress on lanthanide-based organic–inorganic hybrid phosphors

Abstract

Research on organic-inorganic hybrid materials containing trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln 3+ ) is a very active field that has rapidly shifted in the last couple of years to the development of eco-friendly, versatile and multifunctional systems, stimulated by the challenging requirements of technological applications spanning domains as diverse as optics, environment, energy, and biomedicine. This tutorial review offers a general overview of the myriad of advanced Ln 3+ -based organic-inorganic hybrid materials recently synthesised, which may be viewed as a major innovation in areas of phosphors, lighting, integrated optics and optical telecommunications, solar cells, and biomedicine.

Color tunability of intense upconversion emission from Er3+–Yb3+ co-doped SiO2–Ta2O5 glass ceramic planar waveguides

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The UC phenomenon was first demonstrated for Er 3+ , and the pioneering academic studies were performed on Er 3+ -doped fluoride crystals. 16 A key requirement for the achievement of efficient upconversion mechanisms is to place the Er 3+ ions in a host with low cutoff phonon energy, which allows for large lifetime of the excited state of the RE ions.…”

Design of new nanomaterials for their use in catalysis and photochemistry

“…1, 8,9 In metal oxide nanoparticles, the growing importance of surface free energy and stress with decreasing particle size, induces changes in cell parameters and in the thermodynamic stability of some crystalline phases, facilitating unusual structural transformations.…”

“…8 or W(VI) 9 ions. Among them, the tungsten deposited zirconia is preferred because the sulfated zirconia undergoes partial deactivation due to sulfate loss during thermal treatment 10 and the molybdenum-doped zirconia is a less active catalyst.…”

“…In this sense, several works have been carried out using nanomaterials composed of Ni 6 or Ru 7 for the CO 2 reduction with H 2 , despite being more desirable to use H 2 O as reducing agent, which is a big challenge. Another approach involves the use of semiconductors, such as TiO 2, and co-catalysts for improving the efficiency of the processes [8][9][10][11] .…”

“…In other systems combining QDs and UC Er,Yb-NaYF 4 nanocrystals, an efficient energy transfer through a Forster resonance (FRET) mechanism was detected. 48,49 In our work, we have used a more stable but less efficient metal oxide as up-converting material, it is well known that the phonon energy is higher in oxides compared to fluorides, so in order to have similar optical efficiencies bigger crystal sizes are required. This fact could preclude a FRET mechanism in the photoanodes.…”