Progress on Understanding the Anticancer Mechanisms of Medicinal Mushroom: Inonotus Obliquus

Momordica cochinchinensis Seed Extracts Suppress Migration and Invasion of Human Breast Cancer ZR-75-30 Cells Via Down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9

“…Traditional medicine has its boundedness that was due to active ingredients being unclear in cancer treatment. However, with the development of analysis technology, nature extracts provide leads for the potential novel agents (Munkhzaya et al, 2013;Waraporn et al, 2013;Song et al, 2013).…”

Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies: From past to the future

“…Despite the diagnostic and therapeutic advancements burden of this devastating disease is continuously growing and according to the estimation of the World Health Organization, the approximate 12.7 million new cancer cases that occurred globally in 2008 will be increased to 21.3 million by 2030 (Kim et al, 2011;Song et al, 2013). Numerous cytotoxic drugs can destroy tumor and arrest disease progression but most of them are too toxic to normal cells causing critical critical to healthy tissues (Chung et al, 2010;Fan et al, 2012;Susanti et al, 2012;Tripathy & Pradhan, 2013).…”

“…I. obliquus is traditionally taken mainly in the form of a hot water extract; however, some significant differences can exist between the chemical compositions of hot water and ethanol extracts (Hu et al, 2009). In recent years, more than 20 different kinds of bioactive components have been found in I. obliquus, including triterpenoids, polyphenols, steroids, b-glucan, peptides, and polysaccharides, suggesting a high medicinal value and good prospects for market development (Hu et al, 2009;Song et al, 2013). Triterpenoids such as inotodiol, lanosterol, and trametenolic acid are considered the main antitumor ingredients being able to induce growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in different cancer cells; however, the exact molecular mechanisms by which these effects occur are still not well understood (Chung et al, 2010;Du et al, 2011;Nomura et al, 2008;Youn et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2011).…”

“…In 1955, the Medical Academy of Science in Moscow announced I. obliquus as an anticancer substance, and it was later approved by the government to be used for the development of pharmaceuticals. Commercial patent medicine called Befungin is still used in cancer prevention and palliative treatment in this region (Lemiezek et al, 2011;Song et al, 2013). A decoction of sclerotia of I. obliquus is non-toxic to normal cells and several pharmacological studies have shown its antitumor activity against different malignancies, such as lung, breast, uterine, gastric, colon, and liver cancer as well as leukemia and melanoma (Lee et al, 2009;Lemiezek et al, 2011;Nomura et al, 2008;Won et al, 2011).…”

“…obliquus, called chaga or tchaga in Russia and kabanoanatake in Japan, is a traditional and widely used multifunctional mushroom that preferably inhabits as parasitism on living trunks of the mature birch (Handa et al, 2010;Song et al, 2013 used as a folk remedy to treat cancer patients in Russia, Poland and most of the Baltic countries already since the sixteenth century. In 1955, the Medical Academy of Science in Moscow announced I. obliquus as an anticancer substance, and it was later approved by the government to be used for the development of pharmaceuticals.…”