2013
DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2013.827465
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Progress or lack of progress in hospitalized heart failure

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…The current European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines define HF as a complex syndrome, clinically characterized by signs and symptoms resulting from abnormality of the cardiac structure or function. Even though the wording varies slightly across articles and textbooks, the definition of HF remains a semeiotic and functional one, where ‘abnormal’ cardiac function is not a disease but the final common pathway of different conditions, among which the most common is ischaemic heart disease …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The current European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines define HF as a complex syndrome, clinically characterized by signs and symptoms resulting from abnormality of the cardiac structure or function. Even though the wording varies slightly across articles and textbooks, the definition of HF remains a semeiotic and functional one, where ‘abnormal’ cardiac function is not a disease but the final common pathway of different conditions, among which the most common is ischaemic heart disease …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though the wording varies slightly across articles and textbooks, the definition of HF remains a semeiotic and functional one, where 'abnormal' cardiac function is not a disease but the final common pathway of different conditions, among which the most common is ischaemic heart disease. 4 The heterogeneity of aetiology and clinical and functional manifestations has a significant impact on the development of treatments for acute and chronic HF. Comorbidities entwined in the pathophysiology of HF such as coronary artery disease/ischemia, diabetes mellitus, depression and other neurological diseases, renal dysfunction, anaemia and iron deficiency, COPD, and cachexia 5,6 influence the design and the outcome of clinical trials.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%