Progress with High-Field Superconducting Magnets for High-Energy Colliders

Apollinari, G.; Prestemon, S.; Zlobin, A.V.

doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102014-022128

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, we do not require a large volume: one stack can occupy as little as (10 cm) 2 × 10 µm = 0.1 cm 3 . Large magnetic fields with the above-mentioned volumes have been demonstrated [106] for both a resistive DC magnet (19 T, bore diameter 19 cm) [107] as well as a superconducting magnet (21.1 T, bore diameter 10.5 cm) [108]. The volume versus B field magnitude should be optimized to achieve the largest reach; in particular, if larger fields are available with smaller bore diameters, the area of an individual stack can be reduced and multiple stacks of smaller area can be run at the same time.…”

Section: E Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes

2018

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A well-motivated class of dark matter candidates, including axions and dark photons, takes the form of coherent oscillations of a light bosonic field. If the dark matter couples to standard model states, it may be possible to detect it via absorptions in a laboratory target. Current experiments of this kind include cavitybased resonators that convert bosonic dark matter to electromagnetic fields, operating at microwave frequencies. We propose a new class of detectors at higher frequencies, from the infrared through the ultraviolet, based on the dielectric haloscope concept. In periodic photonic materials, bosonic dark matter can efficiently convert to detectable single photons. With feasible experimental techniques, these detectors can probe significant new parameter space for axion and dark photon dark matter in the 0.1-10 eV mass range.

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Section: E Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes

2018

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“…Progress in raising the performance parameters of commercial Nb3Sn superconducting composite wires in the late 1990searly 2000s [5] and impressive achievements of accelerator magnet technologies based on this superconductor during the past two decades [6] make it possible to consider Nb3Sn accelerator magnets for MC storage rings. Due to the significant challenges and uncertainties in operating conditions of superconducting magnets in the MC SR, it is reasonable to choose a nominal operating field at the level of 10 T to provide large (up to 50%) operating margin for MC SR magnets.…”

Section: Design Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Higgs Factory muon collider superconducting magnets and their protection against beam decay radiation

et al. 2018

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A low-energy medium-luminosity Muon Collider (MC) is being studied as a possible Higgs Factory (HF). Electrons from muon decays will deposit more than 300 kW in superconducting magnets of the HF collider ring. This imposes significant challenges to superconducting (SC) magnets used in the MC storage ring (SR) and interaction regions (IR). Magnet designs are proposed which provide high operating gradient and magnetic field in a large aperture to accommodate the large size of muon beams (due to low β*), as well as a cooling system to intercept the large heat deposition from the showers induced by decay electrons. The distribution of heat deposition in the MC SR lattice elements requires largeaperture magnets in order to accommodate thick high-Z absorbers to protect the SC coils. Based on the developed MARS15 model and intensive simulations, a sophisticated radiation protection system was designed for the collider SR and IR to bring the peak power density in the superconducting coils below the quench limit and reduce the dynamic heat deposition in the cold mass by a factor of 100. The system consists of tight tungsten masks in the magnet interconnect regions and elliptical tungsten liners in the magnet aperture optimized for each magnet. These also reduce the background particle fluxes in the collider detector.

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“…Thus, this reduction in losses E × J that alters the hysteresis losses of the HTS coil. Likewise, it is worth noticing that this change in the symmetry of the distribution of profiles of current density and the consequent unbalance on the magnetic field along the originally axisymmetric cut-lines of the perfectly wound coil, which has now suffered an axial deformation, could lead to up to a 8% difference in the experimental readings for the magnetic field intensity and homogeneity, which can be of vital importance on the reliability figures for the readings of magnetic imaging applications 39 or high energy physics applications 40 .…”

Section: B Non-uniform Winding Distributions (Case B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local electromagnetic properties and hysteresis losses in uniformly and non-uniformly wound superconducting racetrack coils

Robert

Fareed

2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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A noteworthy physical dependence of the hysteresis losses with the axial winding misalignment of superconducting racetrack coils made with commercial Second Generation High Temperature Superconducting (2G-HTS) tapes is reported. A comprehensive study on the influence of the turn-to-turn misalignment factor on the local electromagnetic properties of individual turns, is presented by considering six different coil arrangements and ten amplitudes for the applied alternating transport current, I a , together with an experimentally determined function for the magnetoangular anisotropy properties of the critical current density, J c (B, θ), across the superconducting tape. It has been found that for moderate to low applied currents I a ≤ 0.6 I c0 , with I c0 the self-field critical current of individual tapes, the resulting hysteretic losses under extreme winding deformations can lead to an increase in the energy losses of up to 25% the losses generated by a perfectly wound coil. High level meshing considerations have been applied in order to get a realistic account of the local and global electromagnetic properties of racetrack coils, including a mapping of the flux front dynamics with well defined zones for the occurrence of magnetization currents, transport currents, and flux-free cores, what simultaneously has enabled an adequate resolution for determining the experimental conditions when turn-to-turn misalignments of the order of 20 µm-100 µm in a 20 turns 4 mm wide racetrack coil can lead not only to the increment of the AC losses but also to its reduction.In this sense, we shown that for transport current amplitudes I a > 0.7 I c0 , a slight reduction in the hysteresis losses can be achieved as a consequence of the winding displacement which is at the same time connected with the size reduction of the flux free core at the coil central turns. Our findings can be used as a practical benchmark to determine the relative losses for any 2G-HTS racetrack coil application, unveiling the physical fingerprints that possible coil winding misalignments could infer.

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Progress with High-Field Superconducting Magnets for High-Energy Colliders

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes

Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes

The Higgs Factory muon collider superconducting magnets and their protection against beam decay radiation

Local electromagnetic properties and hysteresis losses in uniformly and non-uniformly wound superconducting racetrack coils

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