Progression of carotid artery disease could stratify a risk of coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Taurine on Cardiovascular Disease

“…Patients with type-2 diabetes have an elevated proinflammatory profile, which drives the progression of atherosclerosis (i.e., endothelial dysfunction), leading to arterial media/intima thickening and plaque formation [5,7]. The progression of CAD in patients with diabetes accelerates, as a cohort study reported that after a 2.5 year follow-up, patients developed new plaques, angina, and carotid intima/media thickness [6], despite 80% of the patients taking medications. As such, treating hyperglycemia is crucial before the disease accelerates CVD development.…”

“…Subject Dose/Time Outcome [205,207] Heart Failure 1500 mg/day, 2 weeks Improved exercise capacity, reduced TC/HDL-c, and reduced hsCRP [208] Chronic Heart Failure 3000 mg/day, 30-45 days Decreased left ventricular end-diastolic volume with left ventricular dysfunction before revascularization [209] Chronic Heart Failure 3000 mg/day, 6 CBS, cystathionine β synthase deficiency; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HDL-c, high-density lipid cholesterol; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL-c, low-density lipid cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol.…”

“…In humans, taurine has shown anti-inflammatory effects, blood pressure regulation, and at high levels, may protect against coronary heart disease (CAD) [4]. Given that taurine has anti-inflammatory properties, it is an important amino acid in controlling cardiovascular disease (CVD), as inflammation has been suggested to be one of the major contributors to type-2 diabetes (a risk factor of CVD) [5][6][7]. Plant-based diets need to be well planned if they are to provide cardiovascular benefits, as there are differences in nutrients between plant-source foods, which may lead to nutrient deficiencies [8].…”

Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

“…3 Cerebrovascular disease is an independent risk factor for prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. 4 In this study, 1 patients with prior stroke/TIA had significantly increased 1-year reinfarction as well as in-hospital and 1-year bleeding. On the other hand, the authors 1 refer to no benefits or harms observed with different antithrombotic therapies or dual antipletelet therapy in these patients.…”

“…3 Cerebrovascular disease is an independent risk factor for prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. 4…”