Progressive Applications of Hyperbranched Polymer Based on Diarylamine: Antimicrobial, Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Aerobic Corrosion

Abstract

New generations of hyperbranched aramids were synthesized from diarylamine and methyl acrylate using an AB2 monomer approach in a straightforward one-pot preparation. The chemical structure of hyperbranched Phenylenediamine/Methyl Acrylate HB(PDMA was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1HNMR) spectroscopy. In addition, the particle’s size and distribution were recorded using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Moreover, the synthesized HB(PDMA)s displayed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as yeast strains and anti-biofilm activity where the highest activity was attributed to HB(PDMA)G4 at the lowest Minimum Inhibitory, Minimum Bactericidal, and Fungicidal Concentrations (MIC, MBC, and MFC, respectively). Furthermore, the HB(PDMA)s expressed anti-bacterial activity against isolated Pseudomonas sp. (R301) at a salinity of 35,000 ppm (NaCl). In addition, they revealed different corrosion inhibition efficiencies at the cultivated medium salinity at the estimated minimum bactericidal concentrations. The highest metal corrosion inhibition efficiencies were 59.5 and 94.3% for HB(PDMA)G4 at the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBCs) and two times Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (2XMBCs), respectively, in comparison to both negative and positive controls.

High-Performance Aramids with Intrinsic Bactericide Activity

“…6 An alternative strategy to provide aramids with antimicrobial properties is the functionalization with specific groups. This approach has also been carried out with aramids, by preparing aramid dendrimers with amine-end groups, 20 cysteine residues, 21 quaternary ammonium cation and salicylaldehyde, 22 or sulfonamidopyrimidines pendant structures groups. 23 Recently, vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), which can be extracted from vanilla pod, has been used to prepare ecofriendly or biobased polymers with antimicrobial purposes.…”

“…An alternative strategy to provide aramids with antimicrobial properties is the functionalization with specific groups. This approach has also been carried out with aramids, by preparing aramid dendrimers with amine-end groups, 20 cysteine residues, 21 quaternary ammonium cation and salicylaldehyde, 22 or sulfonamidopyrimidines pendant structures groups. 23 …”

Development of Mechanical, Corrosion Resistance, and Antibacterial Properties of Steels

“…Various nanoscale surface modifications have been proposed in order to enhance the biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of medical implants [7,11]. Biocompatible polymers, such as hydrophilic polyurethanes, poly(ethylene glycol), and poly(ethylene oxide) brushes, are known to reduce bacterial adhesion by alternating the physicochemical properties of the coating [12][13][14]. Epoxy resins are also extensively used to protect stainless steels because of their good chemical resistance, mechanical properties, strong adhesion with the substrate and corrosion protection by providing an effective physical barrier between the metal and the biological environment [15,16].…”