“…In order to attain the optimum results a number of posteriori error estimation techniques have been (Cho & Jun, 2004;Devloo, Tinsley Oden, & Pattani, 1988;Gatica, González, & Meddahi, 2004;Houston, Schötzau, & Wihler, 2006;Lee, Chiew, Lie, & Nguyen, 2010;Maglo, Courbet, Alliez, & Hudelot, 2012;Rank & Roβmann, 1988;Schweitzer, 2009;Stewart & Hughes, 1997;Warichet & Legat, 1996;Yvonnet, Coffignal, Ryckelynck, Lorong, & Chinesta, 2006). However, following four error estimation based adaptive re-meshing methods are being commonly used.…”