Progressive dopamine neuron loss following supra-nigral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion into rats exposed to LPS prenatally

Systemic LPS causes chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration

“…During critical periods of embryonic development (E 10.5), maternal exposure to low concentrations of LPS in mice impacts microglial activation and DA neuron survival in offspring that persists into adulthood (Carvey et al, 2003;Ling et al, 2006). Several of these reports indicate that due to immunological perturbation during critical periods of development (Ling et al, 2006) or aging and sentience (Godbout et al, 2005), microglia can become primed, where additional stimuli result in an exaggerated and prolonged pro-inflammatory response that enhances neuron damage. Thus, not only can microglia induce neuron damage, they can become persistently activated to produce continuous and uncontrolled neurotoxicity that fails to reside after the instigating stimulus has dissipated.…”

“…Further, LPS activation of microglia both in vivo and in vitro causes the progressive and cumulative loss of DA neurons over time Ling et al, 2002Ling et al, , 2006. During critical periods of embryonic development (E 10.5), maternal exposure to low concentrations of LPS in mice impacts microglial activation and DA neuron survival in offspring that persists into adulthood (Carvey et al, 2003;Ling et al, 2006).…”

“…Further, LPS activation of microglia both in vivo and in vitro causes the progressive and cumulative loss of DA neurons over time Ling et al, 2002Ling et al, , 2006. During critical periods of embryonic development (E 10.5), maternal exposure to low concentrations of LPS in mice impacts microglial activation and DA neuron survival in offspring that persists into adulthood (Carvey et al, 2003;Ling et al, 2006). Several of these reports indicate that due to immunological perturbation during critical periods of development (Ling et al, 2006) or aging and sentience (Godbout et al, 2005), microglia can become primed, where additional stimuli result in an exaggerated and prolonged pro-inflammatory response that enhances neuron damage.…”

Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: Causes and Consequences

“…In this study, microglial activation was observed at 6 hours and peaked at 1-2 days post LPS injection, while DA neuronal degeneration persisted up to at least 21 days after intranigral injection of LPS demonstrating that LPS-induced microglial activation can induce progressive degeneration of nigral DA neurons. Furthermore, it has been reported that prenatal exposure of LPS to rats results in sustained microglial activation and the development of fewer than normal nigral DA neurons (Ling et al, 2006). Systemic administration of LPS has also been found to induce progressive degeneration of nigral DA neurons in rats (Qin et al, 2007).…”

H5N1 Influenza Virus Induces a Parkinsonian Pathology

“…Others have shown that activation of the immune system is likely a predisposing factor that contributes to the initiation and progression of these patho ple, in rodent PD model, a single systemic injection of inflammogen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced an elevation of TNF-α expression and a progressive cell loss in the SN that were sustained for 10 months after injection (315). In addit posed to LPS in prenatal period showed a prolonged inflam onse and a progressive DA neuron loss when they exposed LPS in adulthood, while the prenatal saline control mice did not (316).…”