Motor vehicle and bicycle accidents are the most common causes of blunt head trauma. Other common etiologies are falls, physical violence, and sports accidents. Blunt trauma toward the superior orbital rim, lateral orbital rim, frontal region, and cranium may lead to intraorbital hematoma. A fracture following the blunt head trauma may form a one-way valve, which leads to orbital emphysema and a more pronounced increase in orbital pressure. Increased tissue pressure in an enclosed space will eventually lead to an inevitable decrease in tissue perfusion. It is important to treat the patient within the fi rst 48 hours following the trauma, which is accepted as the "critical period. " In this report we present a case involving a 42-year-old man who was admitted to our clinic with left periorbital pain, edema, proptosis, and blurred vision aft er experiencing physical violence. Th e medical history and physical examination fi ndings, along with imaging studies and a description of the endoscopic orbital decompression procedure within the fi rst 24 hours, are reported.