Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Dong, Xuesong; Luo, Qing; Giri, Bijay; Wang, Xiaodu

doi:10.1115/sbc2011-53677

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Later torsional studies showed that damage appeared within interstitial bone, Haversian systems, and along cement lines [18,19]. However, since torsional tests generate non-uniform shear in the specimens, they are not suitable for 3 studying bone tissue behavior in pure shear mode [20,21]. More importantly, how shear induces microcracks within or between lamellae at the cortical bone level is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear deformation and fracture of human cortical bone

Tang¹,

Ebacher²,

Cripton³

et al. 2015

Bone

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Bone can be viewed as a nano-fibrous composite with complex hierarchical structures. Its deformation and fracture behaviors depend on both the local structure and the type of stress applied. In contrast to the extensive studies on bone fracture under compression and tension, there is a lack of knowledge on the fracture process under shear, a stress state often exists in hip fracture. This study investigated the mechanical behavior of human cortical bone under shear, with the focus on the relation between the fracture pattern and the microstructure. Iosipescu shear tests were performed on notched rectangular bar specimens made from human cortical bone. They were prepared at different angles (i.e. 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°) with respect to the long axis of the femoral shaft. The results showed that human cortical bone behaved as an anisotropic material under shear with the highest shear strength (~50MPa) obtained when shearing perpendicular to the Haversian systems or secondary osteons. Digital image correlation (DIC) analysis found that shear strain concentration bands had a close association with long bone axis with an average deviation of 11.8° to 18.5°. The fracture pattern was also greatly affected by the structure with the crack path generally following the direction of the long axes of osteons. More importantly, we observed unique peripheral arc-shaped microcracks within osteons, using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). They were generally long cracks that developed within a lamella without crossing the boundaries. This microcracking pattern clearly differed from that created under either compressive or tensile stress: these arc-shaped microcracks tended to be located away from the Haversian canals in early-stage damaged osteons, with ~70% developing in the outer third osteonal wall. Further study by second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) microscopy revealed a strong influence of the organization of collagen fibrils on shear microcracking. This study concluded that shear-induced microcracking of human cortical bone follows a unique pattern that is governed by the lamellar structure of the osteons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear deformation and fracture of human cortical bone

Tang¹,

Ebacher²,

Cripton³

et al. 2015

Bone

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“…However, what actually happens during the post-yield deformation of bone at micro/ultrastructural levels is still poorly understood. As an effort to address the issue, we have studied the post-yield behavior of human cortical bone loaded under three distinct modes: tension (Wang and Nyman, 2007), compression (Leng et al, 2009), and shear (Dong et al, 2011) using a novel progressive loading scheme. These studies have shown that the post-yield behavior of bone is associated with an exponential decay of elastic modulus (micro-damage accumulation), linear plastic deformation, and an acute saturation of viscous behavior of the tissue (Nyman et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation dependence of progressive post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in compression

Dong¹,

Acuna

Luo

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomechanics

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Identifying the underlying mechanisms of energy dissipation during post-yield deformation of bone is critical in understanding bone fragility fractures. However, the orientation-dependence of post-yield properties of bone is still poorly understood. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of loading direction on the evolution of post-yield behavior of bone using a progressive loading protocol. To do so, cylindrical compressive bone samples were prepared each in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial directions, from the mid-shaft of cadaveric femurs procured from eight middle-aged male donors (51.5 ± 3.3 years old). These specimens were tested in compression in a progressive loading scheme. The results exhibited that the elastic modulus, yield stress, and energy dissipation were significantly greater in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse (circumferential and radial) directions. However, no significant differences were observed in the yield strain as well as in the successive plastic strain with respect to the increasing applied strain among the three orientations. These results suggest that the initiation and progression of plastic strain are independent of loading orientations, thus implying that the underlying mechanism of plastic behavior of bone in compression is similar in all the orientations.

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“…Table 2 Mechanical properties of cortical bone in tension and compression [24] The difference between the longitudinal and transverse creep curves of cortical bone has been shown in [26]. The anisotropic mechanical behavior of cortical bone under cyclic loading has been studied in [27][28][29][30]. Bone samples were prepared in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial directions of femur.…”

Section: Fig 5 Stress-strain Diagram Of Cortical Bone Under Cyclic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical analysis of tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of bone reconstruction in response to periprosthetic fracture repair

2019

The Journal of v. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Medicine"

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Introduction. Bone repair after periprosthetic fracture is a critical issue in orthopedics. Objectives. So there is a need for research to provide new medical solutions, especially in the context of population ageing in the Ukraine. The importance of biomechanics which is concerned with the application of principles, concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to the human body in motion and at rest is well recognized as a foundation for further experimental and theoretical research in the skeletal tissues. Materials and methods. Different aspects of biomechanics require different concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to be used. Remodeling occurs significantly throughout lifetime of bone that is why it can be regarded as a primary determinant of the mechanical properties of bone and implant. Biomechanical analysis given in this review has been concerned with understanding on how mechanical signals and molecular mechanisms affect the healing of Vancouver periprosthetic femoral fracture of B1 and C-type with the use of internal fixation through a less invasive stabilization system (LISS)-plate, which is screwed into the artificial hip joint. Results. Identification of such parameters as mechanical properties of bone, titanium alloys (hip prosthesis, coating, LISS-plate, screws) and implant/biomaterial interface with bone under mechanical and biochemical loading that are very essential for predicting arthroplasty outcomes were investigated experimentally considering elastoplastic deformation, creep, fatigue and ratcheting, as well as, damage development in materials under discussion. Among the basic deformation features were tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of mechanical properties. We used the three-dimensional finite element model derived from the reconstruction of treatment and magnetic resonance (tomographic) images. Conclusions. As a result of this model analysis, it was found that treatment rate of periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty with the use of LISS-plates and screws for internal fixation may be controlled by means of ABAQUS (or ANSYS) software package to reproduce the characteristic features of bone and implant in bone reconstruction in order to improve the fracture healing rate and shorten treatment duration Introduction. Bone repair after periprosthetic fracture is a critical issue in orthopedics. Objectives. So there is a need for research to provide new medical solutions, especially in the context of population ageing in the Ukraine. The importance of biomechanics which is concerned with the application of principles, concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to the human body in motion and at rest is well recognized as a foundation for further experimental and theoretical research in the skeletal tissues. Materials and methods. Different aspects of biomechanics require different concepts and methods of mechanics of solid and fluid to be used. Remodeling occurs significantly throughout lifetime of bone that is why it can be regarded as a primary determinant of the mechanical properties of bone and implant. Biomechanical analysis given in this review has been concerned with understanding on how mechanical signals and molecular mechanisms affect the healing of Vancouver periprosthetic femoral fracture of B1 and C-type with the use of internal fixation through a less invasive stabilization system (LISS)-plate, which is screwed into the artificial hip joint. Results. Identification of such parameters as mechanical properties of bone, titanium alloys (hip prosthesis, coating, LISS-plate, screws) and implant/biomaterial interface with bone under mechanical and biochemical loading that are very essential for predicting arthroplasty outcomes were investigated experimentally considering elastoplastic deformation, creep, fatigue and ratcheting, as well as, damage development in materials under discussion. Among the basic deformation features were tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of mechanical properties. We used the three-dimensional finite element model derived from the reconstruction of treatment and magnetic resonance (tomographic) images. Conclusions. As a result of this model analysis, it was found that treatment rate of periprosthetic femoral fractures after total hip arthroplasty with the use of LISS-plates and screws for internal fixation may be controlled by means of ABAQUS (or ANSYS) software package to reproduce the characteristic features of bone and implant in bone reconstruction in order to improve the fracture healing rate and shorten treatment duration.

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Progressive Post-Yield Behavior of Human Cortical Bone in Shear

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Shear deformation and fracture of human cortical bone

Shear deformation and fracture of human cortical bone

Orientation dependence of progressive post-yield behavior of human cortical bone in compression

Biomechanical analysis of tension-compression asymmetry, anisotropy and heterogeneity of bone reconstruction in response to periprosthetic fracture repair

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