“…Mengal et al (2018) [319] have written about the Bio-based Industries Joint Undertaking in the EU, which proposes to remove obstacles to private investment, and facilitate the delivery of bio-based products made from domestic renewable raw materials in advanced biorefineries adopting innovative technologies, superior, or at least comparable, to non-bio-based products in terms of price, performance, availability and sustainability, and in the process, create several employment opportunities. Duan et al (2020) [196], while chalking out a similar agenda for the future of the Chinese circular bioeconomy, which is also being bolstered in the country's universities by way of new postgraduate courses in bio-based circular economy [339], have used informative and attractive graphics, and references to numerous case studies, and, similar to [294], have listed a range of conversion technologies in an advanced biorefinery-continuous and semi-continuous fermentation, anaerobic digestion, transesterification, gasification, pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification, composting etc., to yield a host of high-value bio-products in order to facilitate an attractive return on investment in the said technologies [320]. [389] point out that an integrated waste biorefinery model incurs lower capital investment costs and with the selection of appropriate technologies, and a widening of both the feedstock diversity and thereby the bio-product range results in higher revenues and is poised to become an indispensable part of a circular bioeconomy [14,180,246].…”