“…A number of academic studies (Yung and Chan 2003, Greasley 2004, Kornfeld and Kara 2011, Psomas, Fotopoulos, and Kafetzopoulos 2011 and consultancy based studies (Rigby and Bilodeau 2013) have shown the extensive use of improvement tools and techniques, the most popular typically being benchmarking, business excellence, knowledge management, Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA), Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Six Sigma and Total Quality Management (TQM). The literature also highlights that organisations in different sectors and industries are likely to place different emphasise when selecting which improvement tools and techniques to implement (Rees 1995).…”