Projectile fragmentation of relativistic nuclei in peripheral collisions

Abstract

PACS No. 25.75.-q, 25.75.Ag. Abstract A study of multiplicity distribution of singly charged, doubly charged, multi charged projectile fragments and shower particles have been carried out for the peripheral events of 16 O-emulsion, 22 Ne-emulsion and 28 Si-emulsion interactions at an incident momentum of . ± .. The dispersion of multiplicity distribution for singly charged, doubly charged projectile fragments and also for the shower particles increase with the increase of projectile mass. Dispersion values of the multiplicity distribution for the multi-charged fragments decreases with the increase of projectile mass. Study of different fragmentation mode during the emission of multi charged projectile fragments reflects that the production of single projectile fragment with charge Z>2 is the most probable mode of multi-charge projectile fragments emission. This probability increases with the increase of projectile mass.

Event-by-event analysis of maximum pseudo-rapidity gap fluctuation in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

“…In the nuclear emulsion detector, sources of systematic uncertainties are the scanning procedure, fading of tracks and the presence of background contaminations. It has been discussed in our earlier papers that the total contribution of systematic errors coming out from the scanning procedure, fading of tracks, and presence of background contaminations is around (1-2)% [59,60]. It has been pointed out earlier that the shower particles are mostly pions (more than 90%) with a small proportion (less than 10%) of kaons and hyperons among them.…”

Event-by-event fluctuations of maximum particle density with respect to the width of the pseudo-rapidity interval at a few A GeV/c

“…In nuclear emulsion detector sources of systematic errors are the scanning procedure, fading of tracks and the presence of background 10 contaminations. It has been discussed in our earlier papers that total contribution of systematic errors coming out from the scanning procedure, fading of tracks, and presence of background contaminations is around (1-2)% [42,45,52]. It has been discussed in [50] that the shower particles are mostly pions (more than 90%) with a small proportion (less than 10%) of kaons and hyperons among them.…”

“…From that paper we may said that we have 20.94% central events in 16 O-AgBr interactions,13.70% central events for 28 Si-AgBr and 7.22% central events in 32 S-AgBr interactions [44]. On the other hand, selection of peripheral events depends on the value of N h. Events having N h =0 are designated as peripheral events [45]. As we are dealing with AgBr events (N h >8) there is no peripheral events in our analysis.…”

An outlook to centrality dependence of event-by-event fluctuations of maximum pseudo-rapidity gap

“…The wrongly measured value of Q which contributes to the possible centrality class misidentification is also a source of systematic error. It has been pointed out in [56] that there is also a possibility of misidentifying fragments having Q = 1 with fragments having Q > 2 if the track length is too short and this uncertainty is around 3%.…”